Dataset Information

Proteomics and Toxicity Analysis of Spinal-Cord Primary Cultures upon Hydrogen Sulfide Treatment.

ABSTRACT: Hydrogen sulfide (H?S) is an endogenous gasotransmitter recognized as an essential body product with a dual, biphasic action. It can function as an antioxidant and a cytoprotective, but also as a poison with a high probability of causing brain damage when present at noxious levels. In a previous study, we measured toxic liquoral levels of H?S in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients and in the familial ALS (fALS) mouse model, SOD1G93A. In addition, we experimentally demonstrated that H?S is extremely and selectively toxic to motor neurons, and that it is released by glial cells and increases Ca2+ concentration in motor neurons due to a lack of ATP. The presented study further examines the effect of toxic concentrations of H?S on embryonic mouse spinal-cord cultures. We performed a proteomic analysis that revealed a significant H?S-mediated activation of pathways related to oxidative stress and cell death, particularly the Nrf-2-mediated oxidative stress response and peroxiredoxins. Furthermore, we report that Na?S (a stable precursor of H?S) toxicity is, at least in part, reverted by the Bax inhibitor V5 and by necrostatin, a potent necroptosis inhibitor.

SUBMITTER: Greco V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6070951 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Proteomics and Toxicity Analysis of Spinal-Cord Primary Cultures upon Hydrogen Sulfide Treatment.

Greco Viviana V Spalloni Alida A Corasolla Carregari Victor V Pieroni Luisa L Persichilli Silvia S Mercuri Nicola B NB Urbani Andrea A Longone Patrizia P

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 20180710 7

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is an endogenous gasotransmitter recognized as an essential body product with a dual, biphasic action. It can function as an antioxidant and a cytoprotective, but also as a poison with a high probability of causing brain damage when present at noxious levels. In a previous study, we measured toxic liquoral levels of H₂S in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients and in the familial ALS (fALS) mouse model, SOD1G93A. In addition, we experimentally demonstrated ...[more]

PMID: 29996549

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Project description:Spinal cord injury is linked to the interruption of neural pathways, which results in irreversible neural dysfunction. Neural repair and neuroregeneration are critical goals and issues for rehabilitation in spinal cord injury, which require neural stem cell repair and multimodal neuromodulation techniques involving personalized rehabilitation strategies. Besides the involvement of endogenous stem cells in neurogenesis and neural repair, exogenous neural stem cell transplantation is an emerging effective method for repairing and replacing damaged tissues in central nervous system diseases. However, to ensure that endogenous or exogenous neural stem cells truly participate in neural repair following spinal cord injury, appropriate interventional measures (e.g., neuromodulation) should be adopted. Neuromodulation techniques, such as noninvasive magnetic stimulation and electrical stimulation, have been safely applied in many neuropsychiatric diseases. There is increasing evidence to suggest that neuromagnetic/electrical modulation promotes neuroregeneration and neural repair by affecting signaling in the nervous system; namely, by exciting, inhibiting, or regulating neuronal and neural network activities to improve motor function and motor learning following spinal cord injury. Several studies have indicated that fine motor skill rehabilitation training makes use of residual nerve fibers for collateral growth, encourages the formation of new synaptic connections to promote neural plasticity, and improves motor function recovery in patients with spinal cord injury. With the development of biomaterial technology and biomechanical engineering, several emerging treatments have been developed, such as robots, brain-computer interfaces, and nanomaterials. These treatments have the potential to help millions of patients suffering from motor dysfunction caused by spinal cord injury. However, large-scale clinical trials need to be conducted to validate their efficacy. This review evaluated the efficacy of neural stem cells and magnetic or electrical stimulation combined with rehabilitation training and intelligent therapies for spinal cord injury according to existing evidence, to build up a multimodal treatment strategy of spinal cord injury to enhance nerve repair and regeneration.

Project description:BackgroundSpinal cord ischemia‒reperfusion injury (SCIRI) can lead to paraplegia, which leads to permanent motor function loss. It is a disastrous complication of surgery and causes tremendous socioeconomic burden. However, effective treatments for SCIRI are still lacking. PANoptosis consists of three kinds of programmed cell death, pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, and may contribute to ischemia‒reperfusion-induced neuron death. Previous studies have demonstrated that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exerts a neuroprotective effect in many neurodegenerative diseases. However, whether H2S is anti-PANoptosis and neuroprotective in the progression of acute SCIRI remains unclear. Thus, in this study we aimed to explore the role of H2S in SCIRI and its underlying mechanisms.MethodsMeasurements of lower limb function, neuronal activity, microglia/macrophage function histopathological examinations, and biochemical levels were performed to examine the efficacy of H2S and to further demonstrate the mechanism and treatment of SCIRI.ResultsThe results showed that GYY4137 (a slow-releasing H2S donor) treatment attenuated the loss of Nissl bodies after SCIRI and improved the BBB score. Additionally, the number of TUNEL-positive and cleaved caspase-3-positive cells was decreased, and the upregulation of expression of cleaved caspase-8, cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and Bad and downregulation of Bcl-2 expression were reversed after GYY4137 administration. Meanwhile, both the expression and activation of p-MLKL, p-RIP1, and p-RIP3, along with the number of PI-positive and RIP3-positive neurons, were decreased in GYY4137-treated rats. Furthermore, GYY4137 administration reduced the expression of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1 and cleaved GSDMD, decreased the colocalization NeuN/NLRP3 and Iba1/interleukin-1β-expressing cells, and inhibited proinflammatory factors and microglia/macrophage polarization.ConclusionsH2S ameliorated spinal cord neuron loss, prevented motor dysfunction after SCIRI, and exerted a neuroprotective effect via the inhibition of PANoptosis and overactivated microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in SCIRI.

Dataset Information

Proteomics and Toxicity Analysis of Spinal-Cord Primary Cultures upon Hydrogen Sulfide Treatment.

Publications

Proteomics and Toxicity Analysis of Spinal-Cord Primary Cultures upon Hydrogen Sulfide Treatment.

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