Dataset Information

Quantitative Analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Germline Splicing Variants Using a Novel RNA-Massively Parallel Sequencing Assay.

ABSTRACT: Clinical genetic testing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) is becoming widespread. However, the interpretation of variants of unknown significance (VUS) in HBOC genes, such as the clinically actionable genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, remain a challenge. Among the variants that are frequently classified as VUS are those with unclear effects on splicing. In order to address this issue we developed a high-throughput RNA-massively parallel sequencing assay-CloneSeq-capable to perform quantitative and qualitative analysis of transcripts in cell lines and HBOC patients. This assay is based on cloning of RT-PCR products followed by massive parallel sequencing of the cloned transcripts. To validate this assay we compared it to the RNA splicing assays recommended by members of the ENIGMA (Evidence-based Network for the Interpretation of Germline Mutant Alleles) consortium. This comparison was performed using well-characterized lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) generated from carriers of the BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline variants that have been previously described to be associated with splicing defects. CloneSeq was able to replicate the ENIGMA results, in addition to providing quantitative characterization of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline splicing alterations in a high-throughput fashion. Furthermore, CloneSeq was used to analyze blood samples obtained from carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline sequence variants, including the novel uncharacterized alteration BRCA1 c.5152+5G>T, which was identified in a HBOC family. CloneSeq provided a high-resolution picture of all the transcripts induced by BRCA1 c.5152+5G>T, indicating it results in significant levels of exon skipping. This analysis proved to be important for the classification of BRCA1 c.5152+5G>T as a clinically actionable likely pathogenic variant. Reclassifications such as these are fundamental in order to offer preventive measures, targeted treatment, and pre-symptomatic screening to the correct individuals.

SUBMITTER: Farber-Katz S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6072868 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Quantitative Analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Germline Splicing Variants Using a Novel RNA-Massively Parallel Sequencing Assay.

Farber-Katz Suzette S Hsuan Vickie V Wu Sitao S Landrith Tyler T Vuong Huy H Xu Dong D Li Bing B Hoo Jayne J Lam Stephanie S Nashed Sarah S Toppmeyer Deborah D Gray Phillip P Haynes Ginger G Lu Hsiao-Mei HM Elliott Aaron A Tippin Davis Brigette B Karam Rachid R

Frontiers in oncology 20180727

Clinical genetic testing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) is becoming widespread. However, the interpretation of variants of unknown significance (VUS) in HBOC genes, such as the clinically actionable genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, remain a challenge. Among the variants that are frequently classified as VUS are those with unclear effects on splicing. In order to address this issue we developed a high-throughput RNA-massively parallel sequencing assay-CloneSeq-capable ...[more]

PMID: 30101128

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Project description:BackgroundCharacterising genetic diversity through the analysis of massively parallel sequencing (MPS) data offers enormous potential to significantly improve our understanding of the genetic basis for observed phenotypes, including predisposition to and progression of complex human disease. Great challenges remain in resolving genetic variants that are genuine from the millions of artefactual signals.ResultsFAVR is a suite of new methods designed to work with commonly used MPS analysis pipelines to assist in the resolution of some of the issues related to the analysis of the vast amount of resulting data, with a focus on relatively rare genetic variants. To the best of our knowledge, no equivalent method has previously been described. The most important and novel aspect of FAVR is the use of signatures in comparator sequence alignment files during variant filtering, and annotation of variants potentially shared between individuals. The FAVR methods use these signatures to facilitate filtering of (i) platform and/or mapping-specific artefacts, (ii) common genetic variants, and, where relevant, (iii) artefacts derived from imbalanced paired-end sequencing, as well as annotation of genetic variants based on evidence of co-occurrence in individuals. We applied conventional variant calling applied to whole-exome sequencing datasets, produced using both SOLiD and TruSeq chemistries, with or without downstream processing by FAVR methods. We demonstrate a 3-fold smaller rare single nucleotide variant shortlist with no detected reduction in sensitivity. This analysis included Sanger sequencing of rare variant signals not evident in dbSNP131, assessment of known variant signal preservation, and comparison of observed and expected rare variant numbers across a range of first cousin pairs. The principles described herein were applied in our recent publication identifying XRCC2 as a new breast cancer risk gene and have been made publically available as a suite of software tools.ConclusionsFAVR is a platform-agnostic suite of methods that significantly enhances the analysis of large volumes of sequencing data for the study of rare genetic variants and their influence on phenotypes.

Dataset Information

Quantitative Analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Germline Splicing Variants Using a Novel RNA-Massively Parallel Sequencing Assay.

Publications

Quantitative Analysis of <i>BRCA1</i> and <i>BRCA2</i> Germline Splicing Variants Using a Novel RNA-Massively Parallel Sequencing Assay.

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