Hierarchical integration of porosity in shales.

ABSTRACT: Pore characterization in shales is challenging owing to the wide range of pore sizes and types present. Haynesville-Bossier shale (USA) was sampled as a typical clay-bearing siliceous, organic-rich, gas-mature shale and characterized over pore diameters ranging 2?nm to 3000?nm. Three advanced imaging techniques were utilized correlatively, including the application of Xe⁺ plasma focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (plasma FIB or PFIB), complemented by the Ga⁺ FIB method which is now frequently used to characterise porosity and organic/inorganic phases, together with transmission electron microscope tomography of the nano-scale pores (voxel size 0.6?nm; resolution 1-2?nm). The three pore-size scales each contribute differently to the pore network. Those <10?nm (greatest number), 10?nm to 100?nm (best-connected hence controls transport properties), and >100?nm (greatest total volume hence determines fluid storativity). Four distinct pore types were found: intra-organic, organic-mineral interface, inter-mineral and intra-mineral pores were recognized, with characteristic geometries. The whole pore network comprises a globally-connected system between phyllosilicate mineral grains (diameter: 6-50?nm), and locally-clustered connected pores within porous organic matter (diameter: 200-800?nm). Integrated predictions of pore geometry, connectivity, and roles in controlling petrophysical properties were verified through experimental permeability measurements.

SUBMITTER: Ma L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6076238 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature