Dataset Information

Addition of dairy lipids and probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum in infant formula programs gut microbiota and entero-insular axis in adult minipigs.

ABSTRACT: Clinical and animal studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of early consumption of dairy lipids and a probiotic, Lactobacillus fermentum (Lf), on infant gut physiology. The objective of this study was to investigate their long-term effects on gut microbiota and host entero-insular axis and metabolism. Piglets were suckled with a milk formula containing only plant lipids (PL), a half-half mixture of plant lipids and dairy lipids (DL), or this mixture supplemented with Lf (DL?+?Lf). They were weaned on a standard diet and challenged with a high-energy diet until postnatal day 140. DL and DL?+?Lf modulated gut microbiota composition and metabolism, increasing abundance of several Clostridia genera. Moreover, DL?+?Lf specifically decreased the faecal content of 2-oxoglutarate and lysine compared to PL and 5-aminovalerate compared to PL and DL. It also increased short-chain fatty acid concentrations like propionate compared to DL. Furthermore, DL?+?Lf had a beneficial effect on the endocrine function, enhancing caecal GLP-1 and GLP-1 meal-stimulated secretion. Correlations highlighted the consistent relationship between microbiota and gut physiology. Together, our results evidence a beneficial programming effect of DL?+?Lf in infant formula composition on faecal microbiota and entero-insular axis function.

SUBMITTER: Lemaire M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6076243 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Addition of dairy lipids and probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum in infant formula programs gut microbiota and entero-insular axis in adult minipigs.

Lemaire Marion M Dou Samir S Cahu Armelle A Formal Michèle M Le Normand Laurence L Romé Véronique V Nogret Isabelle I Ferret-Bernard Stéphanie S Rhimi Moez M Cuinet Isabelle I Canlet Cécile C Tremblay-Franco Marie M Le Ruyet Pascale P Baudry Charlotte C Gérard Philippe P Le Huërou-Luron Isabelle I Blat Sophie S

Scientific reports 20180803 1

Clinical and animal studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of early consumption of dairy lipids and a probiotic, Lactobacillus fermentum (Lf), on infant gut physiology. The objective of this study was to investigate their long-term effects on gut microbiota and host entero-insular axis and metabolism. Piglets were suckled with a milk formula containing only plant lipids (PL), a half-half mixture of plant lipids and dairy lipids (DL), or this mixture supplemented with Lf (DL + Lf). They wer ...[more]

PMID: 30076313

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Project description:Breast milk is the gold standard in neonatal nutrition, but most infants are fed infant formulas in which lipids are usually of plant origin. The addition of dairy lipids and/or milk fat globule membrane extracts in formulas improves their composition with beneficial consequences on protein and lipid digestion. The probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum (Lf) was reported to reduce transit time in rat pups, which may also improve digestion. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the addition of dairy lipids in formulas, with or without Lf, on protein and lipid digestion and on gut physiology and metabolism. Piglets were suckled from postnatal days 2 to 28, with formulas containing either plant lipids (PL), a half-half mixture of plant and dairy lipids (DL), or this mixture supplemented with Lf (DL+Lf). At day 28, piglets were euthanized 90 min after their last feeding. Microstructure of digesta did not differ among formulas. Gastric proteolysis was increased (P < 0.01) in DL and DL+Lf (21.9 ± 2.1 and 22.6 ± 1.3%, respectively) compared with PL (17.3 ± 0.6%) and the residual proportion of gastric intact caseins decreased (p < 0.01) in DL+Lf (5.4 ± 2.5%) compared with PL and DL (10.6 ± 3.1% and 21.8 ± 6.8%, respectively). Peptide diversity in ileum and colon digesta was lower in PL compared to DL and DL+Lf. DL and DL+Lf displayed an increased (p < 0.01) proportion of diacylglycerol/cholesterol in jejunum and ileum digesta compared to PL and tended (p = 0.07) to have lower triglyceride/total lipid ratio in ileum DL+Lf (0.019 ± 0.003) as compared to PL (0.045 ± 0.011). The percentage of endocrine tissue and the number of islets in the pancreas were decreased (p < 0.05) in DL+Lf compared with DL. DL+Lf displayed a beneficial effect on host defenses [increased goblet cell density in jejunum (p < 0.05)] and a trophic effect [increased duodenal (p = 0.09) and jejunal (p < 0.05) weights]. Altogether, our results demonstrate that the addition of dairy lipids and probiotic Lf in infant formula modulated protein and lipid digestion, with consequences on lipid profile and with beneficial, although moderate, physiological effects.

Project description:Hypercholesteremia or high cholesterol is one of the important factors leading to atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases. The application of probiotics with cholesterol-lowering characteristics has become increasingly popular over the past decade due to their contribution to human health. This study aimed to evaluate the probiotic effects of Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 and Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 on hyperlipidemic golden hamsters. A hyperlipidemic model was established through a high cholesterol diet in golden hamsters, after which lyophilized Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 and Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 were orally administered individually for 8 weeks. The physiological characteristics of golden hamsters and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) in the colon were assessed by automatic Biochemical Analyzer and gas choromatograph, respectively. A MiSeq sequencing-based analysis of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4 region) in the cecum content was performed to analyze the cecum microbiota. Correlations between sets of these variables were also investigated using the R package "corrplot." Results showed that neither Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 nor Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 inhibited body weight increase. However, supplementation with Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 for 8 weeks increased colon SCFA levels (P < 0.05), decreased serum low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and triglycerides levels, and also induced changes in the cecum microbiota of hyperlipidemic golden hamsters. Remarkably, oral administration of Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 increased the relative abundance of Parabacteroides in the cecum, which served as a biomarker for colon SCFA production and improvement of serum cholesterol levels. In a word, Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 improved hyperlipidemia in golden hamsters, which correlated with an increase in SCFA levels and relative abundance of Parabacteroides, indicating its potential importance in functional foods that can help lower cholesterol.

Project description:Lactobacillus fermentum MCC2760 is a probiotic strain proven earlier for cholesterol-reducing and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo. This study investigates L. fermentum MCC2760-based probiotic curd in high-cholesterol diet (HCD)-fed C57BL6 mice. The mice were grouped into normal diet control, high-cholesterol diet control, normal diet with probiotic supplementation, and high-cholesterol diet with probiotic supplementation. Control groups and treatment groups were supplemented with market curd and probiotic curd, respectively, via oral gavage for eight weeks. The probiotic count was maintained at 10.95 log CFU/mL in the developed probiotic curd. The HCD group showed an increase in feed intake and body weight. Reduction in the levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine transaminase was observed in probiotic-supplemented groups. The probiotic-supplemented group resulted in an increase in Lactobacillus spp. count along with reduced pathogen count in the feces. Probiotic supplementation also showed a reduction in the bacterial translocation count in mesenteric adipose tissue. Expression of inflammatory markers by qPCR showed the decline in the fold change of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-12 and elevation in the fold change of IL-10 in the adipose tissue of the probiotic-treated group. Probiotic supplementation also improved the expression of GLP-1, ZO-1, and CB2 in the intestine. They were thus possibly playing a role in the enhancement of barrier function. Histopathological sections showed improvement in the cellular infiltration and pathological indications due to the high-cholesterol diet intake. Our study also confirmed that probiotics could increase serum antioxidant enzymes in treated groups, showing their beneficial antioxidant activity. It suggests the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effect, and gut barrier function of the given probiotic formulation, which ameliorate hypercholesterolemia.

Dataset Information

Addition of dairy lipids and probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum in infant formula programs gut microbiota and entero-insular axis in adult minipigs.

Publications

Addition of dairy lipids and probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum in infant formula programs gut microbiota and entero-insular axis in adult minipigs.

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