Dataset Information

Variation in composition, protein and pasting characteristics of different pigmented and non pigmented rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in Indian Himalayan region.

ABSTRACT: This present study was aimed to evaluate proximate composition, antioxidant activity, amino and phenolic acids, protein profile and pasting characteristics of pigmented rice (PR) and non pigmented rice (NPR) landraces grown in Himalayan region. Higher antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, fat and protein content were observed for PR as compared to NPR. Histidine, iso-leucine, lysine, methionine, phenyl-alanine, valine and threonine were significantly higher for PR. Paste viscosities were higher for NPR (except IC568266) as compared to PR. IC568266 was observed to be waxy landrace. Higher free (gallic acid, catechin, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, sinapic acid and luteolin) and bound phenolics (ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid and quercetin) were observed in PR as compared to NPR. Majority of PR landraces showed higher accumulation of prolamines with low molecular weight polypeptides of 18, 20 and 29 kDa as compared to NPR. PR showed the higher essential amino acids, phenolic acids (p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and quercetin) and antioxidant activity with improved nutritional value and showed potential for developing nutraceutical and functional foods.

SUBMITTER: Kaur P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6098773 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Variation in composition, protein and pasting characteristics of different pigmented and non pigmented rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) grown in Indian Himalayan region.

Kaur Parmeet P Singh Narpinder N Pal Priyanka P Kaur Amritpal A

Journal of food science and technology 20180811 9

This present study was aimed to evaluate proximate composition, antioxidant activity, amino and phenolic acids, protein profile and pasting characteristics of pigmented rice (PR) and non pigmented rice (NPR) landraces grown in Himalayan region. Higher antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, fat and protein content were observed for PR as compared to NPR. Histidine, iso-leucine, lysine, methionine, phenyl-alanine, valine and threonine were significantly higher for PR. Paste viscosities were ...[more]

PMID: 30150841

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Project description:The Eastern Himalayan region of Northeast (NE) India is home to a large number of indigenous rice varieties, which may serve as a valuable genetic resource for future crop improvement to meet the ever-increasing demand for food production. However, these varieties are rapidly being lost due to changes in land-use and agricultural practices, which favor agronomically improved varieties. A detailed understanding of the genetic structure and diversity of indigenous rice varieties is crucial for efficient utilization of rice genetic resources and for developing suitable conservation strategies. To explore the genetic structure and diversity of rice varieties in NE India, we genotyped 300 individuals of 24 indigenous rice varieties representing sali, boro, jum and glutinous types, 5 agronomically improved varieties, and one wild rice species (O. rufipogon) using seven SSR markers. A total of 85 alleles and a very high level of gene diversity (0.776) were detected among the indigenous rice varieties of the region. Considerable level of genetic variation was found within indigenous varieties whereas improved varieties were monoporphic across all loci. The comparison of genetic diversity among different types of rice revealed that sali type possessed the highest gene diversity (0.747) followed by jum (0.627), glutinous (0.602) and boro (0.596) types of indigenous rice varieties, while the lowest diversity was detected in agronomically improved varieties (0.459). The AMOVA results showed that 66% of the variation was distributed among varieties indicating a very high level of genetic differentiation in rice varieties in the region. Two major genetically defined clusters corresponding to indica and japonica groups were detected in rice varieties of the region. Overall, traditionally cultivated indigenous rice varieties in NE India showed high levels of genetic diversity comparable to levels of genetic diversity reported from wild rice populations in various parts of the world. The efforts for conservation of rice germplasm in NE India should consider saving rice varieties representing different types with specific emphasis given to sali and jum types. The protection against the loss of vast genetic diversity found in indigenous rice varieties in NE India is crucial for maintaining future food security in the changing world.

Project description:Drought or water deficit is a major abiotic stress that can reduce growth and productivity in the rice crop especially in the rain-fed areas, which face long-term water shortage. The objective of this investigation was to promote the drought tolerant abilities in pigmented rice cv. 'Hom Nil' at booting stage using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)-inoculation, mixed spores of Glomus geosporum, G. etunicatum and G. mosseae in the soil before rice seedling transplantation. At booting stage, the AMF-inoculated (+AMF) and AMF-uninoculated plants (-AMF) were subjected to control (well-watering; 46.6% SWC) and water deficit condition (14 days water withholding; 13.8% SWC). Colonization percentage in the AMF-inoculated root tissues were evidently proved in both with and without water deficit conditions, leading to elevate total phosphorus in root and leaf tissues. Interestingly, sucrose and total soluble sugar concentration in the flag leaf were increased by 5.0 folds and 1.5 folds, respectively in the plants under water deficit (WD). Free proline was accumulated in flag leaf when exposure to water deficit, subsequently regulated by AMF-inoculation. Total soluble sugar and free proline enrichment in 'Hom Nil' was a major mode of osmotic adjustment to control osmotic potential in the cellular level when exposed to water deficit, leading to maintained photosynthetic abilities and growth performances. Concentration of chlorophyll b in AMF-inoculated plants under water deficit stress was retained, causing to improve chlorophyll fluorescence and net photosynthetic rate. Shoot height and number of tillers were significantly declined by 12.5% and 11.6%, respectively, when subjected to WD. At the harvest, grain yield, panicle dry weight and fertility percentage of AMF-inoculated rice from WD were greater than those without AMF by 1.5, 3.9 and 2.4 folds, respectively. Cyanidin-3-glucoside and peonidin-3-glucoside concentrations in pericarp were enriched in the grain derived from AMF-inoculation with water deficit stress. Overall growth characters and physiological adaptations in 'Hom Nil' grown under water deficit condition were retained by AMF inoculation, resulting in enhanced yield attributes and anthocyanin fortification in rice grain.

Dataset Information

Variation in composition, protein and pasting characteristics of different pigmented and non pigmented rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in Indian Himalayan region.

Publications

Variation in composition, protein and pasting characteristics of different pigmented and non pigmented rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) grown in Indian Himalayan region.

Similar Datasets

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