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Nanoparticle architecture preserves magnetic properties during coating to enable robust multi-modal functionality.

ABSTRACT: Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs) have established a niche as a nanomedicine platform for diagnosis and therapy, but they present a challenging surface for ligand functionalization which limits their applications. On the other hand, coating MIONs with another material such as gold to enhance these attachments introduces other complications. Incomplete coating may expose portions of the iron oxide core, or the coating process may alter their magnetic properties. We describe synthesis and characterization of iron oxide/silica/gold core-shell nanoparticles to elucidate the effects of a silica-gold coating process and its impact on the resulting performance. In particular, small angle neutron scattering reveals silica intercalates between iron oxide crystallites that form the dense core, likely preserving the magnetic properties while enabling formation of a continuous gold shell. The synthesized silica-gold-coated MIONs demonstrate magnetic heating properties consistent with the original iron oxide core, with added x-ray contrast for imaging and laser heating.

SUBMITTER: Woodard LE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6107675 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Nanoparticle architecture preserves magnetic properties during coating to enable robust multi-modal functionality.

Woodard Lauren E LE Dennis Cindi L CL Borchers Julie A JA Attaluri Anilchandra A Velarde Esteban E Dawidczyk Charlene C Searson Peter C PC Pomper Martin G MG Ivkov Robert R

Scientific reports 20180823 1

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs) have established a niche as a nanomedicine platform for diagnosis and therapy, but they present a challenging surface for ligand functionalization which limits their applications. On the other hand, coating MIONs with another material such as gold to enhance these attachments introduces other complications. Incomplete coating may expose portions of the iron oxide core, or the coating process may alter their magnetic properties. We describe synthesis and ...[more]

PMID: 30139940

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Project description:ObjectivesGliomas with comutations of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genes and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene promoter (IDHmut pTERTmut) show distinct biological features and respond to first-line treatment differently in comparison with other gliomas. This study aimed to characterize the IDHmut pTERTmut gliomas in multimodal MRI using the radiomic method and establish a precise diagnostic model identifying this group of gliomas.MethodsA total of 140 patients with untreated primary gliomas were admitted between 2016 and 2020 to West China Hospital as a discovery cohort, including 22 IDHmut pTERTmut patients. Thirty-four additional cases from a different hospital were included in the study as an independent validation cohort. A total of 3654 radiomic features were extracted from the preoperative multimodal MRI images (T1c, FLAIR, and ADC maps) and filtered in a data-driven approach. The discovery cohort was split into training and test sets by a 4:1 ratio. A diagnostic model (multilayer perceptron classifier) for detecting the IDHmut pTERTmut gliomas was trained using an automatic machine-learning algorithm named tree-based pipeline optimization tool (TPOT). The most critical radiomic features in the model were identified and visualized.ResultsThe model achieved an area under the receiver-operating curve (AUROC) of 0.971 (95% CI, 0.902-1.000), the sensitivity of 0.833 (95% CI, 0.333-1.000), and the specificity of 0.966 (95% CI, 0.931-1.000) in the test set. The area under the precision-recall curve (AUCPR) was 0.754 (95% CI, 0.572-0.833) and the F1 score was 0.833 (95% CI, 0.500-1.000). In the independent validation set, the model reached 0.952 AUROC, 0.714 sensitivity, 0.963 specificity, 0.841 AUCPR, and 0.769 F1 score. MR radiomic features of the IDHmut pTERTmut gliomas represented homogenous low-complexity texture in three modalities.ConclusionsAn accurate diagnostic model was constructed for detecting IDHmut pTERTmut gliomas using multimodal radiomic features. The most important features were associated with the homogenous simple texture of IDHmut pTERTmut gliomas in MRI images transformed using Laplacian of Gaussian and wavelet filters.

Project description:Understanding biobased nanocomposites is critical in fabricating high performing sustainable materials. In this study, fundamental nanoparticle assembly structures at the nanoscale are examined and correlated with the macroscale properties of coatings formulated with these structures. Nanoparticle assembly mechanisms within biobased polymer matrices were probed using in situ liquid-phase atomic force microscopy (AFM) and computational simulation. Furthermore, coatings formulated using these nanoparticle assemblies with biobased polymers were evaluated with regard to the hydrophobicity and adhesion after water immersion. Two biobased glycopolymers, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and hydroxyethyl starch (HES), were investigated. Their repeating units share the same chemical composition and only differ in monomer conformations (α- and β-anomeric glycosides). Unique fractal structures of silica nanoparticle assemblies were observed with HEC, while compact clusters were observed with HES. Simulation and AFM measurement suggest that strong attraction between silica surfaces in the HEC matrix induces diffusion-limited-aggregation, leading to large-scale, fractal assembly structures. By contrast, weak attraction in HES only produces reaction-limited-aggregation and small compact cluster structures. With high particle loading, the fractal structures in HEC formed a network, which enabled a waterborne formulation of superhydrophobic coating after silane treatment. The silica nanoparticle assembly in HEC was demonstrated to significantly improve adhesion, which showed minimum adhesion loss even after extended water immersion. The superior performance was only observed with HEC, not HES. The results bridge the assembly structures at the nanoscale, influenced by molecular conformation of biobased polymers, to the coating performance at the macroscopic level. Through this study we unveil new opportunities in economical and sustainable development of high-performance biobased materials.

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Nanoparticle architecture preserves magnetic properties during coating to enable robust multi-modal functionality.

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Nanoparticle architecture preserves magnetic properties during coating to enable robust multi-modal functionality.

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