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Screenplay of flax phloem fiber behavior during gravitropic reaction.

ABSTRACT: Flax phloem fibers act as constitutively formed "muscles" that support the vertical position of the high but narrow stem. The specific mechanical properties of flax fibers and of similar fibers in other plant species are provided by the development of tertiary cell wall with tensed cellulose microfibrils. The work of phloem fibers becomes especially pronounced during the restoration of stem vertical position if it was disturbed. Gravistimulation of flax plants induces considerable modification of phloem fibers at the pulling stem side - the lumen diameter increases, while the cell wall thickness goes down. Here we show that the action of phloem fibers as motors of stem vertical position restoration is coupled to the cell wall remodelling as well as the increase of osmolytes (mainly potassium and malate) content, and accumulation of the ?-amino-butyric acid that may be involved in signalling events. The molecular players that take part in these processes are suggested.

SUBMITTER: Mokshina N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6110356 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Screenplay of flax phloem fiber behavior during gravitropic reaction.

Mokshina N N Gorshkov O O Ibragimova N N Pozhvanov G G Gorshkova T T

Plant signaling & behavior 20180703 6

Flax phloem fibers act as constitutively formed "muscles" that support the vertical position of the high but narrow stem. The specific mechanical properties of flax fibers and of similar fibers in other plant species are provided by the development of tertiary cell wall with tensed cellulose microfibrils. The work of phloem fibers becomes especially pronounced during the restoration of stem vertical position if it was disturbed. Gravistimulation of flax plants induces considerable modification o ...[more]

PMID: 29969361

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Project description:Background and aimsHypocotyls are a commonly used model to study primary growth in plants, since post-germinative hypocotyls increase in size by cell elongation rather than cell division. Flax hypocotyls produce phloem fibres in bundles one to two cell layers thick, parallel to the protoxylem poles of the stele. Cell wall deposition within these cells occurs rapidly at a well-defined stage of development. The aim was to identify transcripts associated with distinct stages of hypocotyl and phloem fibre development.MethodsStages of flax hypocotyl development were defined by analysing hypocotyl length in relation to fibre secondary wall deposition. Selected stages of development were used in microarray analyses to identify transcripts involved in the transition from elongation to secondary cell wall deposition in fibres. Expression of specific genes was confirmed by qRT-PCR and by enzymatic assays.Key resultsGenes enriched in the elongation phase included transcripts related to cell-wall modification or primary-wall deposition. Transcripts specifically enriched at the transition between elongation and secondary wall deposition included beta-galactosidase and arabinogalactan proteins. Later stages of wall development showed an increase in secondary metabolism-related transcripts, chitinases and glycosyl hydrolases including KORRIGAN. Microarray analysis also identified groups of transcription factors enriched at one or more stages of fibre development. Subsequent analysis of a differentially expressed beta-galactosidase confirmed that the post-elongation increase in beta-galactosidase enzyme activity was localized to phloem fibres.ConclusionsTranscripts were identified associated with specific stages of hypocotyl development, in which phloem fibre cells were undergoing thickening of secondary walls. Temporal and spatial regulation of beta-galactosidase activity suggests a role for this enzyme in remodelling of flax bast fibre cell walls during secondary cell wall deposition.

Dataset Information

Screenplay of flax phloem fiber behavior during gravitropic reaction.

Publications

Screenplay of flax phloem fiber behavior during gravitropic reaction.

Similar Datasets

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