Dataset Information

Antidepressant-Like Effects of Cistanche tubulosa Extract on Chronic Unpredictable Stress Rats Through Restoration of Gut Microbiota Homeostasis.

ABSTRACT: Growing evidence shows that neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression, are linked with gut microbiome through the gut-brain axis. Cistanches Herba is well known for the treatment of "kidney-yang" deficiency in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and has been used for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in recent years. In this study, chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced depression model was established to explore the impact of Cistanche tubulosa extract (CTE) on behavioral tests, monoamine neurotransmitters and neurotrophic factors in hippocampus and colon, gut microbiota composition, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production. Moreover, correlation analysis was used to evaluate the functional relationship between altered gut microbiota, changed neurotransmitters and neurotrophins in hippocampus and colon, and disturbed concentration of SCFAs. CTE significantly improved depression-like behaviors in rats under CUS. Brain level of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in CUS rats were restored by CTE. The relative abundance of gut microbiota and the concentrations of acetate and hexanoic acid could also be modulated by CTE treatment. We further showed that the application of CTE in CUS rats led to strong correlation among disrupted gut microbiota composition, hippocampus neurotransmitter levels, and production of neuroactive metabolite SCFAs. Altogether, these results identify CTE as a potential treatment for depressive symptoms by restoring homeostasis of gut microbiota for microbiota-gut-brain axis disorders, opening new avenues in the field of neuropsychopharmacology.

SUBMITTER: Li Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6112285 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Antidepressant-Like Effects of <i>Cistanche tubulosa</i> Extract on Chronic Unpredictable Stress Rats Through Restoration of Gut Microbiota Homeostasis.

Li Yang Y Peng Ying Y Ma Ping P Yang Hanlin H Xiong Haiyan H Wang Mengyue M Peng Chongsheng C Tu Pengfei P Li Xiaobo X

Frontiers in pharmacology 20180821

Growing evidence shows that neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression, are linked with gut microbiome through the gut-brain axis. Cistanches Herba is well known for the treatment of "kidney-yang" deficiency in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and has been used for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in recent years. In this study, chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced depression model was established to explore the impact of <i>Cistanche tubulosa</i> extract (CTE) on behavioral ...[more]

PMID: 30186183

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Project description:Shugan Jieyu Capsule (SG) has been widely used in China to treat mild to moderate depression. Hypericum perforatum L. (St John's Wort, SJW) is the main ingredient of SG and has been used as herbal medicine to treat depression in western countries. However, it is known that SJW has low bioavailability and does not easily get through the blood-brain barrier. Therefore, how SG plays an antidepressant effect in the central nervous system (CNS) remains an urgent problem to be solved. Mounting research has described the relationship between antidepressants and intestinal microbiota to illuminate antidepressive mechanisms in the CNS. We aimed to investigate the effects of therapy with SG on the function of gut microbiota and intestinal microbiota in rats with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression. The psychophysiological state and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function of rats are evaluated through behavioral experiments, corticosterone levels, serotonin levels, and adrenal index measurements. 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing is used to test the changes in gut microbiota and make functional predictions of genes. With treatment of SG, the depression-like behaviors of CUMS-induced rats were reversed; the corticosterone levels and the adrenal index decreased significantly; the level of serotonin increased significantly; and the alpha and beta diversity analysis of microbiota showed an increase in the richness and uniformity of the flora were increased. SG regulated the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Erysipelotrichaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae, Atopobiaceae, Dubosiella, and Bifidobacterium; Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis demonstrated that Lactobacillaceae (family level), Lactobacillus (genus level), Lactobacillales (order level), Bacilli (class level), and Lactobacillus-reuteri (species level) were biomarkers in the SG group samples, and also likely to modulate metabolic pathways, such as those involved in carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and signal transduction. These data clearly illustrated the effect of SG on gut microbiome, thus laying the foundation for uncovering more insights on the therapeutic function of the traditional Chinese antidepressants. The potential of SG on mechanisms of antidepression to alter gut microbiota and intestinal microbiome function exposed to CUMS can be explored.

Project description:BackgroundCistanche tubulosa is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that is widely used for regulating immunity. Phenyl ethanol glycosides (CPhGs) from this plant are the primarily efficacious materials. This aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive and therapeutic effects of CPhGs on BSA-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats and related molecular mechanisms involving hepatic stellate cells. Biejiarangan (BJRG), another traditional Chinese herbal medicine, was used as a positive control.MethodsIn in vivo experiments, 75 SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: normal (distilled water-treated), model (BSA-treated), positive drug (BSA-treated?+?BJRG 600 mg/kg/day), and BSA-treated?+?CPhGs (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg/day) groups. The liver and spleen indices, serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), hexadecenoic acid (HA), laminin (LN), type III procollagen (PCIII), type IV collagen (IV-C), hydroxyproline (Hyp), and transforming growth factor ? 1 (TGF-? 1) were measured in rat livers. Histopathological grades for liver fibrosis were assessed for each group using H&E and Masson's trichrome staining. The expression of TGF-? 1, collagen I (Col-I) and collagen III (Col-III) were determined by an immunohistochemical staining method. These effects were further evaluated in vitro by determining expression levels of NF-?B p65 and Col-I by quantitative real-time PCR analyses. Col-I protein expression was also examined by western blotting.ResultsAll dose groups (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg/day) of CPhGs significantly reduced the liver and spleen index, decreased ALT, AST, HA, LN, PCIII, IV-C serum levels, TGF-? 1 content (P?<?0.01, P?<?0.01, and P?<?0.01), and Hyp content. CPhGs also markedly alleviated the swelling of liver cells and effectively prevented hepatocyte necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. Immunohistochemical results showed that CPhGs significantly reduced the expression of TGF-? 1 (P?<?0.01, P?<?0.01, and P?<?0.01), Col- I, and Col-III. The in vitro effects of CPhGs (100, 75, 50, and 25 ug/ml) on HSC-T6 showed that CPhGs significantly reduced mRNA expression of NF-?B p65 and Col-I, and CPhGs also downregulated Col-I protein expression.ConclusionsCPhGs have a significant anti-hepatic fibrosis effect, and may be used as hepatoprotective agents for treatment of hepatic fibrosis.

Dataset Information

Antidepressant-Like Effects of Cistanche tubulosa Extract on Chronic Unpredictable Stress Rats Through Restoration of Gut Microbiota Homeostasis.

Publications

Antidepressant-Like Effects of <i>Cistanche tubulosa</i> Extract on Chronic Unpredictable Stress Rats Through Restoration of Gut Microbiota Homeostasis.

Similar Datasets

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