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Gut microbiota mediates the anti-obesity effect of calorie restriction in mice.

ABSTRACT: Calorie restriction (CR) extends lifespan and elicits numerous effects beneficial to health and metabolism in various model organisms, but the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. Gut microbiota has been reported to be associated with the beneficial effects of CR; however, it is unknown whether these effects of CR are causally mediated by gut microbiota. In this study, we employed an antibiotic-induced microbiota-depleted mouse model to investigate the functional role of gut microbiota in CR. Depletion of gut microbiota rendered mice resistant to CR-induced loss of body weight, accompanied by the increase in fat mass, the reduction in lean mass and the decline in metabolic rate. Depletion of gut microbiota led to increases in fasting blood glucose and cholesterol levels independent of CR. A few metabolism-modulating hormones including leptin and insulin were altered by CR and/or gut microbiota depletion. In addition, CR altered the composition of gut microbiota with significant increases in major probiotic genera such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, together with the decrease of Helicobacter. In addition, we performed fecal microbiota transplantation in mice fed with high-fat diet. Mice with transferred microbiota from calorie-restricted mice resisted high fat diet-induced obesity and exhibited metabolic improvement such as alleviated hepatic lipid accumulation. Collectively, these data indicate that CR-induced metabolic improvement especially in body weight reduction is mediated by intestinal microbiota to a certain extent.

SUBMITTER: Wang S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6115465 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Gut microbiota mediates the anti-obesity effect of calorie restriction in mice.

Wang Shuo S Huang Meiqin M You Xue X Zhao Jingyu J Chen Lanlan L Wang Lin L Luo Yangjun Y Chen Yan Y

Scientific reports 20180829 1

Calorie restriction (CR) extends lifespan and elicits numerous effects beneficial to health and metabolism in various model organisms, but the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. Gut microbiota has been reported to be associated with the beneficial effects of CR; however, it is unknown whether these effects of CR are causally mediated by gut microbiota. In this study, we employed an antibiotic-induced microbiota-depleted mouse model to investigate the functional role of gut micr ...[more]

PMID: 30158649

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Project description:Calorie restriction (CR) is accompanied by self-imposed daily restriction of food intake and an extended fasting period between meals. The impact of restricting feeding to the dark or light phase on the effects of CR remains elusive. Here, light-fed CR mice showed physiological changes, such as muscle loss, concomitant with changes in the gut microbiota structure and composition. After switching to ad libitum access to food, light-fed mice had a period of food-craving behavior and short-lived physiological changes, while dark-fed mice displayed lasting changes in fat accumulation, glucose metabolism, intestinal barrier function, and systemic inflammatory markers. Moreover, the gut microbiota was modulated by when the food was consumed, and the most abundant Lactobacillus operational taxonomic unit (OTU) promoted by CR was enhanced in dark-fed mice. After switching to ad libitum feeding, the gut microbiota of dark-fed mice returned to the state resembling that of mice fed normal chow ad libitum, but that of light-fed mice was still significantly different from the other two groups. Together, these data indicate that for CR, restricting food consumption to the active phase brought better metabolic phenotype associated with potentially beneficial structural shifts in the gut microbiota.IMPORTANCE Aberrant feeding patterns whereby people eat more frequently throughout the day and with a bias toward late-night eating are prevalent in society today. However, whether restriction of food to daytime in comparison to nighttime, coupled with restricted calorie intake, can influence gut microbiota, metabolism, and overall health requires further investigation. We surveyed the effects of the shift in feeding time on gut microbiota and metabolic phenotype in calorie-restricted mice and found that avoiding eating during the rest period may generate more beneficial effects in mice. This work strengthens the evidence for using "when to eat" as an intervention to improve health during calorie restriction.

Dataset Information

Gut microbiota mediates the anti-obesity effect of calorie restriction in mice.

Publications

Gut microbiota mediates the anti-obesity effect of calorie restriction in mice.

Similar Datasets

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