Dataset Information

Species Composition and Trichothecene Genotype Profiling of Fusarium Field Isolates Recovered from Wheat in Poland.

ABSTRACT: Fusarium head blight (FHB) of cereals is the major head disease negatively affecting grain production worldwide. In 2016 and 2017, serious outbreaks of FHB occurred in wheat crops in Poland. In this study, we characterized the diversity of Fusaria responsible for these epidemics using TaqMan assays. From a panel of 463 field isolates collected from wheat, four Fusarium species were identified. The predominant species were F. graminearum s.s. (81%) and, to a lesser extent, F. avenaceum (15%). The emergence of the 15ADON genotype was found ranging from 83% to 87% of the total trichothecene genotypes isolated in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Our results indicate two dramatic shifts within fungal field populations in Poland. The first shift is associated with the displacement of F. culmorum by F. graminearum s.s. The second shift resulted from a loss of nivalenol genotypes. We suggest that an emerging prevalence of F. graminearum s.s. may be linked to boosted maize production, which has increased substantially over the last decade in Poland. To detect variation within Tri core clusters, we compared sequence data from randomly selected field isolates with a panel of strains from geographically diverse origins. We found that the newly emerged 15ADON genotypes do not exhibit a specific pattern of polymorphism enabling their clear differentiation from the other European strains.

SUBMITTER: Bilska K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6115980 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Species Composition and Trichothecene Genotype Profiling of Fusarium Field Isolates Recovered from Wheat in Poland.

Bilska Katarzyna K Jurczak Sebastian S Kulik Tomasz T Ropelewska Ewa E Olszewski Jacek J Żelechowski Maciej M Zapotoczny Piotr P

Toxins 20180810 8

Fusarium head blight (FHB) of cereals is the major head disease negatively affecting grain production worldwide. In 2016 and 2017, serious outbreaks of FHB occurred in wheat crops in Poland. In this study, we characterized the diversity of Fusaria responsible for these epidemics using TaqMan assays. From a panel of 463 field isolates collected from wheat, four Fusarium species were identified. The predominant species were F. graminearum s.s. (81%) and, to a lesser extent, F. ave ...[more]

PMID: 30103473

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundFusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat caused by Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) is a devastating disease worldwide. The pathogens not only reduce the yield of wheat, but also impact the quality of wheat by contamination with trichothecene mycotoxins. A systematic investigation on the pathogens of FHB in Taiwan is lacking. Here, molecular and morphological approaches were used to identify species of the Taiwanese FGSC isolates and determine their trichothecene genotypes.ResultsIn this study, a total of 195 isolates of FGSC from diseased wheat were collected from 8 areas of northern and central Taiwan. All isolates were subjected to seedling inoculation for verification of pathogenicity. The pathogenic isolates were genetically characterized by sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR), PCR- restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), phylogenetic analysis and fixed nucleotides to clarify their phylogenetic species, and by PCR assays of TRI genes to determine trichothecene genotypes. They were identified as F. asiaticum, F. graminearum sensu stricto, F. meridionale and an unknown species. Isolates of F. asiaticum were the major causal agents (98%) in this investigated population and were comprised of SCAR type 5 (75%), SCAR type 4 (21%) and SCAR type 3 (2%). Their trichothecene genotypes were either 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-ADON) (83%) or nivalenol (NIV) genotype (17%). These genetic characterizations indicated that F. asiaticum (15-ADON SCAR type 5) accounts for 60% of this Taiwanese population. Virulence assay on wheat heads indicated virulence of F. asiaticum isolates in subpopulations divided by SCAR types or trichothecene genotypes were comparable, suggesting other factors influence the unequal subpopulation sizes.ConclusionsThis is the first study that FGSC isolates in Taiwan were systematically collected and characterized. In addition to F. graminearum sensu stricto and F. meridionale, F. asiaticum with 15-ADON genotype was identified as the predominate species in Taiwan. In contrast to Chinese and Japanese populations that F. asiaticum isolates were typically of 3-ADON or NIV genotype, the predominate 15-ADON genotype in Taiwanese population was unique among F. asiaticum populations and represented the southernmost 15-ADON genotype population in East Asia.

Project description:BACKGROUND: The fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum causes Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) disease on wheat which can lead to trichothecene mycotoxin (e.g. deoxynivalenol, DON) contamination of grain, harmful to mammalian health. DON is produced at low levels under standard culture conditions when compared to plant infection but specific polyamines (e.g. putrescine and agmatine) and amino acids (e.g. arginine and ornithine) are potent inducers of DON by F. graminearum in axenic culture. Currently, host factors that promote mycotoxin synthesis during FHB are unknown, but plant derived polyamines could contribute to DON induction in infected heads. However, the temporal and spatial accumulation of polyamines and amino acids in relation to that of DON has not been studied. RESULTS: Following inoculation of susceptible wheat heads by F. graminearum, DON accumulation was detected at two days after inoculation. The accumulation of putrescine was detected as early as one day following inoculation while arginine and cadaverine were also produced at three and four days post-inoculation. Transcripts of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and arginine decarboxylase (ADC), two key biosynthetic enzymes for putrescine biosynthesis, were also strongly induced in heads at two days after inoculation. These results indicated that elicitation of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway is an early response to FHB. Transcripts for genes encoding enzymes acting upstream in the polyamine biosynthetic pathway as well as those of ODC and ADC, and putrescine levels were also induced in the rachis, a flower organ supporting DON production and an important route for pathogen colonisation during FHB. A survey of 24 wheat genotypes with varying responses to FHB showed putrescine induction is a general response to inoculation and no correlation was observed between the accumulation of putrescine and infection or DON accumulation. CONCLUSIONS: The activation of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway and putrescine in infected heads prior to detectable DON accumulation is consistent with a model where the pathogen exploits the generic host stress response of polyamine synthesis as a cue for production of trichothecene mycotoxins during FHB disease. However, it is likely that this mechanism is complicated by other factors contributing to resistance and susceptibility in diverse wheat genetic backgrounds.

Dataset Information

Species Composition and Trichothecene Genotype Profiling of Fusarium Field Isolates Recovered from Wheat in Poland.

Publications

Species Composition and Trichothecene Genotype Profiling of <i>Fusarium</i> Field Isolates Recovered from Wheat in Poland.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure