Dataset Information

PirVP genes causing AHPND identified in a new Vibrio species (Vibrio punensis) within the commensal Orientalis clade.

ABSTRACT: Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) has extended rapidly, causing alarming shrimp mortalities. Initially, the only known causative agent was Vibrio parahaemolyticus carrying a plasmid coding for the mortal toxins PirVP. Recently, it has been found that the plasmid and hence the disease, could be transferred among members of the Harveyi clade. The current study performs a genomic characterization of an isolate capable of developing AHPND in shrimp. Mortality studies and molecular and histopathological analyses showed the infection capacity of the strain. Multilocus sequence analysis placed the bacteria as a member of the Orientalis clade, well known for containing commensal and even probiotic bacteria used in the shrimp industry. Further whole genome comparative analyses, including Vibrio species from the Orientalis clade, and phylogenomic metrics (TETRA, ANI and DDH) showed that the isolate belongs to a previously unidentified species, now named Vibrio punensis sp. nov. strain BA55. Our findings show that the gene transfer capacity of Vibrio species goes beyond the clade classification, demonstrating a new pathogenic capacity to a previously known commensal clade. The presence of these genes in a different Vibrio clade may contribute to the knowledge of the Vibrio pathogenesis and has major implications for the spread of emerging diseases.

SUBMITTER: Restrepo L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6117253 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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PirVP genes causing AHPND identified in a new Vibrio species (Vibrio punensis) within the commensal Orientalis clade.

Restrepo Leda L Bayot Bonny B Arciniegas Sebastián S Bajaña Leandro L Betancourt Irma I Panchana Fanny F Reyes Muñoz Alejandro A

Scientific reports 20180830 1

Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) has extended rapidly, causing alarming shrimp mortalities. Initially, the only known causative agent was Vibrio parahaemolyticus carrying a plasmid coding for the mortal toxins Pir<sup>VP</sup>. Recently, it has been found that the plasmid and hence the disease, could be transferred among members of the Harveyi clade. The current study performs a genomic characterization of an isolate capable of developing AHPND in shrimp. Mortality studies and mol ...[more]

PMID: 30166588

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Project description:Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the causative agent of Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), was discovered in 2013 as a unique isolate that produces toxins and kills penaeid shrimps in devasting nature in Bangladesh and causes severe economic losses. This research aimed to understand the expressions of immune genes in different stages of the host species, Penaeus monodon, against virulence and toxin genes upon being challenged with V. parahaemolyticus. Healthy post-larvae (PL) samples were collected from southwestern of Bangladesh from July 2021 to August 2022. The tryptic soy agar with 1.5% sodium chloride (NaCl) was used to inoculate the cells of V. parahaemolyticus, and the tryptic soy broth (TSB) with 1.5% NaCl was used to transfer the colonies. The spectrophotometry measured bacteria density. PCR, qPCR, SDS-PAGE, and Western blot measured gene expression and survivability after the immersion challenge. The 1 × 105CFU/mL of V. parahaemolyticus was used for 144 h.p.i (hours post-infection) challenge to six stages of post-larvae (PL) of P. monodon (PL20, PL25, PL30, PL35, PL40, and PL45), PL30 and PL35 showed 100% mortality by day 72 (h.p.i.) after exposure that indicated most vulnerable to V. parahaemolyticus. The expression of immune and toxic genes was confirmed by qPCR. The immune genes toll-like receptors (TLR), prophenoloxidase (ProPO), lysozyme (lyso), and penaeidin (PEN) of PL20 and PL25 of P. monodon were expressed robustly up-trends. PL30 and PL35 showed the lowest gene expression at the end of 72 (h.p.i.). At the end of the 144 (h.p.i.) exposure, the immune genes TLR, ProPO, lyso, and PEN expressed highest in PL45 than other post-larvae stages of P. monodon. The toxic genes (pirA, ToxR, ToxA, ToxB, tlh, tdh, and trh) in PL30 and PL35 of P. monodon after exposure of V. parahaemolyticus were expressed highest at the end of the 72 (h.p.i.). The lowest toxic genes expressions were revealed in PL20 and PL45 at the end of the 144 (h.p.i.). The SDS-PAGE analysis of proteins from the bacterium revealed identical protein profiles with toxic genes, and those toxins were further confirmed by Western blot. The 20 kDa, 78 kDa (ToxR), 20 kDa, 25 kDa (ToxA), 25 kDa (ToxB), 20 kDa, 27 kDa, 75 kDa (tdh), and 20 kDa, 27 kDa, 75 kDa, and 78 kDa (trh) proteins were strong responses in Western blot, indicating the crucial involvement of these immune-related genes in the defense and recovery of the first-line defense mechanisms during V. parahaemolyticus infection to shrimp. The all-toxic genes showed a unique homology and those derived from the common ancestor compared with V. parahaemolyticus (NCBI accession no. AP014859.1). All clades were derived with different traits with very low genetic distance, where the overall mean distance was 3.18 and showed a very uniform and homogenous pattern among the lineages. The V. parahaemolyticus infection process in different PL stages in P. monodon revealed novel insights into the immune responses. The responses may lead to the subsequent production of a DNA vaccine, enhancing shrimp health management to minimize the economic losses due to AHPND experiencing an outbreak of early mortality syndrome (EMS) toward sustainable production P. monodon (shrimp).

Dataset Information

PirVP genes causing AHPND identified in a new Vibrio species (Vibrio punensis) within the commensal Orientalis clade.

Publications

PirVP genes causing AHPND identified in a new Vibrio species (Vibrio punensis) within the commensal Orientalis clade.

Similar Datasets

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