Dataset Information

Speed-accuracy tradeoffs in human speech production.

ABSTRACT: Speech motor actions are performed quickly, while simultaneously maintaining a high degree of accuracy. Are speed and accuracy in conflict during speech production? Speed-accuracy tradeoffs have been shown in many domains of human motor action, but have not been directly examined in the domain of speech production. The present work seeks evidence for Fitts' law, a rigorous formulation of this fundamental tradeoff, in speech articulation kinematics by analyzing USC-TIMIT, a real-time magnetic resonance imaging data set of speech production. A theoretical framework for considering Fitts' law with respect to models of speech motor control is elucidated. Methodological challenges in seeking relationships consistent with Fitts' law are addressed, including the operational definitions and measurement of key variables in real-time MRI data. Results suggest the presence of speed-accuracy tradeoffs for certain types of speech production actions, with wide variability across syllable position, and substantial variability also across subjects. Coda consonant targets immediately following the syllabic nucleus show the strongest evidence of this tradeoff, with correlations as high as 0.72 between speed and accuracy. A discussion is provided concerning the potentially limited applicability of Fitts' law in the context of speech production, as well as the theoretical context for interpreting the results.

SUBMITTER: Lammert AC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6128466 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Speed-accuracy tradeoffs in human speech production.

Lammert Adam C AC Shadle Christine H CH Narayanan Shrikanth S SS Quatieri Thomas F TF

PloS one 20180907 9

Speech motor actions are performed quickly, while simultaneously maintaining a high degree of accuracy. Are speed and accuracy in conflict during speech production? Speed-accuracy tradeoffs have been shown in many domains of human motor action, but have not been directly examined in the domain of speech production. The present work seeks evidence for Fitts' law, a rigorous formulation of this fundamental tradeoff, in speech articulation kinematics by analyzing USC-TIMIT, a real-time magnetic res ...[more]

PMID: 30192767

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Project description:Although the N400 was originally discovered in a paradigm designed to elicit a P300 (Kutas and Hillyard, 1980), its relationship with the P300 and how both overlapping event-related potentials (ERPs) determine behavioral profiles is still elusive. Here we conducted an ERP (N = 20) and a multiple-response speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT) experiment (N = 16) on distinct participant samples using an antonym paradigm (The opposite of black is white/nice/yellow with acceptability judgment). We hypothesized that SAT profiles incorporate processes of task-related decision-making (P300) and stimulus-related expectation violation (N400). We replicated previous ERP results (Roehm et al., 2007): in the correct condition (white), the expected target elicits a P300, while both expectation violations engender an N400 [reduced for related (yellow) vs. unrelated targets (nice)]. Using multivariate Bayesian mixed-effects models, we modeled the P300 and N400 responses simultaneously and found that correlation between residuals and subject-level random effects of each response window was minimal, suggesting that the components are largely independent. For the SAT data, we found that antonyms and unrelated targets had a similar slope (rate of increase in accuracy over time) and an asymptote at ceiling, while related targets showed both a lower slope and a lower asymptote, reaching only approximately 80% accuracy. Using a GLMM-based approach (Davidson and Martin, 2013), we modeled these dynamics using response time and condition as predictors. Replacing the predictor for condition with the averaged P300 and N400 amplitudes from the ERP experiment, we achieved identical model performance. We then examined the piecewise contribution of the P300 and N400 amplitudes with partial effects (see Hohenstein and Kliegl, 2015). Unsurprisingly, the P300 amplitude was the strongest contributor to the SAT-curve in the antonym condition and the N400 was the strongest contributor in the unrelated condition. In brief, this is the first demonstration of how overlapping ERP responses in one sample of participants predict behavioral SAT profiles of another sample. The P300 and N400 reflect two independent but interacting processes and the competition between these processes is reflected differently in behavioral parameters of speed and accuracy.

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Speed-accuracy tradeoffs in human speech production.

Publications

Speed-accuracy tradeoffs in human speech production.

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