Dataset Information

In vitro and in vivo antidiabetic potential of extracts and a furostanol saponin from Balanites aegyptiaca.

ABSTRACT:

Context

Balanites aegyptiaca Del. (Zygophyllaceae) fruits are well-known antidiabetic drug in Egyptian folk medicine. Nevertheless, its mechanism of action is still unclear.

Objectives

Searching for the possible mechanisms of action of the plant and identification of its bioactive compounds.

Materials and methods

A bio-guided protocol based on the evaluation of ?-glucosidase (AG) and aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory activities was adopted to isolate the biologically active compounds from the methanol extract (MeEx). An in vivo antidiabetic study was conducted for the active extract, fraction and compound using streptozotocin-induced diabetic male albino Wistar rats at two dose levels (100 and 200?mg/kg.b/wt) for 2 weeks.

Results

Three compounds were isolated and identified: a sterol, (1) stigmasterol-3-O-?-d-glucopyranoside; a pregnane glucoside, (2) pregn-5-ene-3?,16?,20(R)-trio1-3-O-?-d-glucopyranoside; a furostanol saponin, (3) 26-(O-?-d-glucopyranosyl)-22-O-methylfurost-5-ene-3?,26-diol-3-O-?-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 ? 4)-[?-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 ? 2)]-?-d-glucopyranoside. Only compound 3 possessed significant AG and AR inhibitory activities (IC₅₀?=?3.12?±?0.17 and 1.04?±?0.02??g/mL, respectively), while compounds 1 and 2 were inactive. The in vivo antidiabetic study revealed that MeEx and furostanol saponin 3 possessed significant activities at a dose of 200?mg/kg through reducing the fasting plasma glucose level by 46.14% and 51.39%, respectively, as well as reducing the total cholesterol by 24.44% and 31.90%, respectively. Compound 3 also caused increment in insulin and C-peptide levels by 63.56% and 65%, respectively.

Discussion and conclusions

We presented a scientific base for using Balanites aegyptiaca, and shed the light on one of its saponins, as an antidiabetic agent in fasting and postprandial hyperglycaemia along with the improvement of diabetic complications.

SUBMITTER: Ezzat SM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6130680 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

In vitro and in vivo antidiabetic potential of extracts and a furostanol saponin from Balanites aegyptiaca.

Ezzat Shahira Mohammed SM Abdel Motaal Amira A El Awdan Sally Abdel Wanees SAW

Pharmaceutical biology 20171201 1

<h4>Context</h4>Balanites aegyptiaca Del. (Zygophyllaceae) fruits are well-known antidiabetic drug in Egyptian folk medicine. Nevertheless, its mechanism of action is still unclear.<h4>Objectives</h4>Searching for the possible mechanisms of action of the plant and identification of its bioactive compounds.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>A bio-guided protocol based on the evaluation of α-glucosidase (AG) and aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory activities was adopted to isolate the biologically active ...[more]

PMID: 28659002

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Project description:Psychotria malayana Jack belongs to the Rubiacea and is widespread in Southeast Asian countries. It is traditionally used to treat diabetes. Despite its potential medicinal use, scientific proof of this pharmacological action and the toxic effect of this plant are still lacking. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the in vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant activities, toxicity, and preliminary phytochemical screening of P. malayana leaf extracts by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after derivatization. The antidiabetic activities of different extracts of this plant were investigated through alpha-glucosidase inhibitory (AGI) and 2-NBDG glucose uptake using 3T3-L1 cell line assays, while the antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and FRAP assays. Its toxicological effect was investigated using the zebrafish embryo/larvae (Danio rerio) model. The mortality, hatchability, tail-detachment, yolk size, eye size, beat per minute (BPM), and body length were taken into account to observe the teratogenicity in all zebrafish embryos exposed to methanol extract. The LC50 was determined using probit analysis. The methanol extract showed the AGI activity (IC50 = 2.71 ± 0.11 μg/mL), insulin-sensitizing activity (at a concentration of 5 µg/mL), and potent antioxidant activities (IC50 = 10.85 μg/mL and 72.53 mg AAE/g for DPPH and FRAP activity, respectively). Similarly, the water extract exhibited AGI activity (IC50 = 6.75 μg/mL), insulin-sensitizing activity at the concentration of 10 μg/mL, and antioxidant activities (IC50 = 27.12 and 33.71 μg/mL for DPPH and FRAP activity, respectively). The methanol and water extracts exhibited the LC50 value higher than their therapeutic concentration, i.e., 37.50 and 252.45 µg/mL, respectively. These results indicate that both water and methanol extracts are safe and potentially an antidiabetic agent, but the former is preferable since its therapeutic index (LC50/therapeutic concentration) is much higher than for methanol extracts. Analysis using GC-MS on derivatized methanol and water extracts of P. malayana leaves detected partial information on some constituents including palmitic acid, 1,3,5-benzenetriol, 1-monopalmitin, beta-tocopherol, 24-epicampesterol, alpha-tocopherol, and stigmast-5-ene, that could be a potential target to further investigate the antidiabetic properties of the plant. Nevertheless, isolation and identification of the bioactive compounds are required to confirm their antidiabetic activity and toxicity.

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Dataset Information

In vitro and in vivo antidiabetic potential of extracts and a furostanol saponin from Balanites aegyptiaca.

Context

Objectives

Materials and methods

Results

Discussion and conclusions

Publications

In vitro and in vivo antidiabetic potential of extracts and a furostanol saponin from Balanites aegyptiaca.

Similar Datasets

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