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Triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio among adolescents is associated with adult hypertension: the Kangwha study.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio associated with hypertension in adults. However, whether the TG/HDL-C ratio in adolescents predicts future hypertension remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the prospective association between the TG/HDL-C ratio in adolescents and hypertension in early adulthood. METHODS:The Kangwha Study is an ongoing prospective cohort study that has tracked the blood pressure of first grade elementary school students since 1986. We followed up 272 participants who completed health examinations at the age of 16 and 35 years. We excluded 27 participants with adolescent hypertension, defined as those whose blood pressures were above the age- and sex-specific 95th percentiles of the Korean population, and finally analysed 245 participants. We defined high and low TG/HDL-C ratio groups according to the age- and sex-specific 75th percentile of the TG/HDL-C ratio (1.04 for boys and 0.81 for girls) of the Korean population. Adult hypertension was defined by a systolic/diastolic blood pressure???140/90 mmHg or by taking antihypertensive medication at the age of 35 years. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between adolescent TG/HDL-C ratio and adult hypertension after adjusting for age at follow-up, sex, baseline systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, and total cholesterol and fasting glucose levels. RESULTS:During the 20-year follow-up, 11 (18.3%) individuals developed hypertension in the high TG/HDL-C ratio group and 10 (5.4%) individuals developed hypertension in the low TG/HDL-C ratio group. The adjusted odds ratio for incident hypertension in the high TG/HDL-C ratio group, compared with the low TG/HDL-C ratio group, was 3.40 (95% confidence interval 1.24-9.31). CONCLUSIONS:High TG/HDL-C ratio in adolescence is associated with hypertension in early adulthood.

SUBMITTER: Yeom H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6131866 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio among adolescents is associated with adult hypertension: the Kangwha study.

Yeom Hyungseon H Kim Hyeon Chang HC Lee Ju-Mi JM Jeon Yongwoo Y Suh Il I

Lipids in health and disease 20180910 1

<h4>Background</h4>The triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio associated with hypertension in adults. However, whether the TG/HDL-C ratio in adolescents predicts future hypertension remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the prospective association between the TG/HDL-C ratio in adolescents and hypertension in early adulthood.<h4>Methods</h4>The Kangwha Study is an ongoing prospective cohort study that has tracked the blood pressure of first grade elementary school stu ...[more]

PMID: 30200983

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Project description:BackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is substantially increased in subjects with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The Triglycerides (TG) to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio is an indirect measure of insulin resistance and an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk. No study to date has been performed to evaluate whether the TG/HDL-C ratio predicts CVD risk in patients with CKD.MethodsA total of 197 patients (age 53±12 years) with CKD Stages 1 to 5, were enrolled in this longitudinal, observational, retrospective study. TG/HDL-C ratio, HOMA-IR indexes, serum asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorous, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and albumin levels were measured. Flow mediated vasodilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery was assessed by using high-resolution ultrasonography.ResultsA total of 11 cardiovascular (CV) deaths and 43 nonfatal CV events were registered in a mean follow-up period of 30 (range 9 to 35) months. Subjects with TG/HDL-C ratios above the median values (>3.29) had significantly higher plasma ADMA, PTH, and phosphorous levels (p=0.04, p=0.02, p=0.01 respectively) and lower eGFR and FMD values (p=0.03, p<0.001 respectively). The TG/HDL-C ratio was an independent determinant of FMD (β=-0.25 p=0.02) along with TG, HDL-C, hsCRP, serum albumin, phosphate levels, systolic blood pressure, PTH, eGFR and the presence of diabetes mellitus. The TG/HDL-C ratio was also a significant independent determinant of cardiovascular outcomes [HR: 1.36 (1.11-1.67) (p=0.003)] along with plasma ADMA levels [HR: 1.31 (1.13-1.52) (p<0.001)] and a history of diabetes mellitus [HR: 4.82 (2.80-8.37) (p<0.001)].ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the elevated TG/HDL-C ratio predicts poor CVD outcome in subjects with CKD. Being a simple, inexpensive, and reproducible marker of CVD risk, the TG/HDL-C ratio may emerge as a novel and reliable indicator among the many well-established markers of CVD risk in CKD.Systematic review registrationClinical trial registration number and date: NCT02113462 / 10-04-2014.

Project description:Background and objectiveKlotho is a protein that is closely related to human aging. Soluble Klotho (S-Klotho) is a circulating protein, and its level decreases in response to systemic inflammation. The relationship between the platelet/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (PHR), an emerging inflammatory index, and S-Klotho concentrations is still unclear. In addition, the mean platelet volume has been confirmed to have a significant negative association with S-Klotho concentrations, but the relationship between the platelet count (PC) and S-Klotho concentrations has not yet been reported.MethodsData from individuals who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) during the five cycles from 2007 to 2016 were retrieved for analysis. Linear regression, two-piecewise linear regression, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) methods were used to analyze the associations of the PHR index and its components with S-Klotho concentrations. In addition, subgroup analysis and effect modification tests were conducted.ResultsA total of 11,123 participants (5463 men (48.17%)), with an average age of 56.2 years, were included. After full adjustment, the S-Klotho levels of participants in the highest quartile group of PHR (β: -51.19, 95% CI: -75.41 to -26.97, P < 0.001) and the highest quartile group of PC (β: -72.34, 95% CI: -93.32 to -51.37, P < 0.0001) were significantly lower than those in their respective lowest quartile groups, and a significant downward trend was presented among the four groups (P for trend < 0.05, respectively). However, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations were not significantly associated with S-Klotho concentrations. RCS revealed that the PHR and PC were nonlinearly associated with S-Klotho concentrations; two-piecewise linear regression revealed that the inflection points were 175.269 and 152, respectively, and that these associations slightly weakened after the inflection point. According to the subgroup analysis, liver disease status enhanced the association between the PC and S-Klotho concentrations.ConclusionsBoth the PHR and PC were significantly negatively associated with S-Klotho concentrations, and these associations were nonlinear. There was no significant association between HDL-C and S-Klotho concentrations. Liver disease status enhances the negative association between the PC and S-Klotho concentrations, and the specific mechanism deserves further exploration.

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Triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio among adolescents is associated with adult hypertension: the Kangwha study.

Publications

Triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio among adolescents is associated with adult hypertension: the Kangwha study.

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