Dataset Information

Comparison of Fixation Techniques of 3D-Woven Poly(?-Caprolactone) Scaffolds for Cartilage Repair in a Weightbearing Porcine Large Animal Model.

ABSTRACT: Objective To test different fixation methods of a 3-dimensionally woven poly(?-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold within chondral defects of a weightbearing large animal model. Methods Full thickness chondral defects were made in the femoral condyles of 15 adult male Yucatan mini-pigs. Two surgical approaches were compared including total arthrotomy (traditional) and a retinaculum-sparing, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) approach. Following microfracture (MFX), scaffolds were placed without fixation or were fixed with fibrin glue, suture, or subchondral anchor. Experimental endpoints were between 1 and 6 weeks. Micro-computed tomography and histology were used to assess samples. Results The MIS approach was superior as the traditional approach caused medial condyle cartilage wear. One of 13 (7.7%) of scaffolds without fixation, 4 of 11 (36.3%) fibrin scaffolds, 1 of 4 (25%) of sutured scaffolds, and 9 of 9 (100%) of anchor-fixed scaffolds remained in place. Histology demonstrated tissue filling with some overgrowth of PCL scaffolds. Conclusions Of the methods tested, the MIS approach coupled with subchondral anchor fixation provided the best scaffold retention in a mini-pig chondral defect model. This finding has implications for fixation strategies in future animal studies and potential future human use.

SUBMITTER: Friedman JM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6139593 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparison of Fixation Techniques of 3D-Woven Poly(ϵ-Caprolactone) Scaffolds for Cartilage Repair in a Weightbearing Porcine Large Animal Model.

Friedman James M JM Sennett Mackenzie L ML Bonadio Marcelo B MB Orji Kerry O KO Neuwirth Alexander L AL Keah Niobra N Carey James L JL Moutos Franklin T FT Estes Bradley T BT Guilak Farshid F Madry Henning H Mauck Robert L RL Dodge George R GR

Cartilage 20170411 4

Objective To test different fixation methods of a 3-dimensionally woven poly(ϵ-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold within chondral defects of a weightbearing large animal model. Methods Full thickness chondral defects were made in the femoral condyles of 15 adult male Yucatan mini-pigs. Two surgical approaches were compared including total arthrotomy (traditional) and a retinaculum-sparing, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) approach. Following microfracture (MFX), scaffolds were placed without fixation ...[more]

PMID: 28397530

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Project description:Tissue engineering has become a promising therapeutic approach for bone regeneration. Nanofibrous scaffolds have attracted great interest mainly due to their structural similarity to natural extracellular matrix (ECM). Poly(lactide-co-?-caprolactone) (PLCL) has been successfully used in bone regeneration, but PLCL polymers are inert and lack natural cell recognition sites, and the surface of PLCL scaffold is hydrophobic. Silk fibroin (SF) is a kind of natural polymer with inherent bioactivity, and supports mesenchymal stem cell attachment, osteogenesis, and ECM deposition. Therefore, we fabricated hybrid nanofibrous scaffolds by adding different weight ratios of SF to PLCL in order to find a scaffold with improved properties for bone regeneration.Hybrid nanofibrous scaffolds were fabricated by blending different weight ratios of SF with PLCL. Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) were seeded on SF/PLCL nanofibrous scaffolds of various ratios for a systematic evaluation of cell adhesion, proliferation, cytotoxicity, and osteogenic differentiation; the efficacy of the composite of hADSCs and scaffolds in repairing critical-sized calvarial defects in rats was investigated.The SF/PLCL (50/50) scaffold exhibited favorable tensile strength, surface roughness, and hydrophilicity, which facilitated cell adhesion and proliferation. Moreover, the SF/PLCL (50/50) scaffold promoted the osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs by elevating the expression levels of osteogenic marker genes such as BSP, Ocn, Col1A1, and OPN and enhanced ECM mineralization. In vivo assays showed that SF/PLCL (50/50) scaffold improved the repair of the critical-sized calvarial defect in rats, resulting in increased bone volume, higher trabecular number, enhanced bone mineral density, and increased new bone areas, compared with the pure PLCL scaffold.The SF/PLCL (50/50) nanofibrous scaffold facilitated hADSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in vitro and further promoted new bone formation in vivo, suggesting that the SF/PLCL (50/50) nanofibrous scaffold holds great potential in bone tissue regeneration.

Project description:This research investigates the accelerated hydrolytic degradation process of both anatomically designed bone scaffolds with a pore size gradient and a rectangular shape (biomimetically designed scaffolds or bone bricks). The effect of material composition is investigated considering poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) as the main scaffold material, reinforced with ceramics such as hydroxyapatite (HA), β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and bioglass at a concentration of 20 wt%. In the case of rectangular scaffolds, the effect of pore size (200 μm, 300 μm and 500 μm) is also investigated. The degradation process (accelerated degradation) was investigated during a period of 5 days in a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) medium. Degraded bone bricks and rectangular scaffolds were measured each day to evaluate the weight loss of the samples, which were also morphologically, thermally, chemically and mechanically assessed. The results show that the PCL/bioglass bone brick scaffolds exhibited faster degradation kinetics in comparison with the PCL, PCL/HA and PCL/TCP bone bricks. Furthermore, the degradation kinetics of rectangular scaffolds increased by increasing the pore size from 500 μm to 200 μm. The results also indicate that, for the same material composition, bone bricks degrade slower compared with rectangular scaffolds. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the degradation process was faster on the external regions of the bone brick scaffolds (600 μm pore size) compared with the internal regions (200 μm pore size). The thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) results show that the ceramic concentration remained constant throughout the degradation process, while differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results show that all scaffolds exhibited a reduction in crystallinity (Xc), enthalpy (Δm) and melting temperature (Tm) throughout the degradation process, while the glass transition temperature (Tg) slightly increased. Finally, the compression results show that the mechanical properties decreased during the degradation process, with PCL/bioglass bone bricks and rectangular scaffolds presenting higher mechanical properties with the same design in comparison with the other materials.

Dataset Information

Comparison of Fixation Techniques of 3D-Woven Poly(?-Caprolactone) Scaffolds for Cartilage Repair in a Weightbearing Porcine Large Animal Model.

Publications

Comparison of Fixation Techniques of 3D-Woven Poly(ϵ-Caprolactone) Scaffolds for Cartilage Repair in a Weightbearing Porcine Large Animal Model.

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