Dataset Information

After the Fact(or): Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation in Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7.

ABSTRACT: To adapt to ever-changing environments, pathogens quickly alter gene expression. This can occur through transcriptional, posttranscriptional, or posttranslational regulation. Historically, transcriptional regulation has been thoroughly studied to understand pathogen niche adaptation, whereas posttranscriptional and posttranslational gene regulation has only relatively recently been appreciated to play a central role in bacterial pathogenesis. Posttranscriptional regulation may involve chaperones, nucleases, and/or noncoding small RNAs (sRNAs) and typically controls gene expression by altering the stability and/or translation of the target mRNA. In this review, we highlight the global importance of posttranscriptional regulation to enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) gene expression and discuss specific mechanisms of how EHEC regulates expression of virulence factors critical to host colonization and disease progression. The low infectious dose of this intestinal pathogen suggests that EHEC is particularly well adapted to respond to the host environment.

SUBMITTER: Sauder AB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6148468 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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After the Fact(or): Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation in Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7.

Sauder Amber B AB Kendall Melissa M MM

Journal of bacteriology 20180910 19

To adapt to ever-changing environments, pathogens quickly alter gene expression. This can occur through transcriptional, posttranscriptional, or posttranslational regulation. Historically, transcriptional regulation has been thoroughly studied to understand pathogen niche adaptation, whereas posttranscriptional and posttranslational gene regulation has only relatively recently been appreciated to play a central role in bacterial pathogenesis. Posttranscriptional regulation may involve chaperones ...[more]

PMID: 29967119

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Project description:The large intestinal pathogen enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 detects host cues to regulate virulence gene expression during colonization and infection. However, virulence regulatory mechanisms of EHEC O157:H7 in the human large intestine are not fully understood. Herein, we identified a virulence-regulating pathway where the PhoQ/PhoP two-component regulatory system senses low magnesium levels and signals to the O island 119-encoded Z4267 (LmiA; low magnesium-induced regulator A), directly activating loci of enterocyte effacement genes to promote EHEC O157:H7 adherence in the large intestine. Disruption of this pathway significantly decreased EHEC O157:H7 adherence in the mouse intestinal tract. Moreover, feeding mice a magnesium-rich diet significantly reduced EHEC O157:H7 adherence in vivo This LmiA-mediated virulence regulatory pathway is also conserved among several EHEC and enteropathogenic E. coli serotypes; therefore, our findings support the use of magnesium as a dietary supplement and provide greater insights into the dietary cues that can prevent enteric infections.IMPORTANCE Sensing specific gut metabolites is an important strategy for inducing crucial virulence programs by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 during colonization and infection. Here, we identified a virulence-regulating pathway wherein the PhoQ/PhoP two-component regulatory system signals to the O island 119-encoded low magnesium-induced regulator A (LmiA), which, in turn, activates locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) genes to promote EHEC O157:H7 adherence in the low-magnesium conditions of the large intestine. This regulatory pathway is widely present in a range of EHEC and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) serotypes. Disruption of this pathway significantly decreased EHEC O157:H7 adherence in the mouse intestinal tract. Moreover, mice fed a magnesium-rich diet showed significantly reduced EHEC O157:H7 adherence in vivo, indicating that magnesium may help in preventing EHEC and EPEC infection in humans.

Dataset Information

After the Fact(or): Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation in Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7.

Publications

After the Fact(or): Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation in Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7.

Similar Datasets

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