Dataset Information

Blunted Frontostriatal Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent Signals Predict Stimulant and Marijuana Use.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Occasional recreational stimulant (amphetamine and cocaine) use is an important public health problem among young adults because 16% of those who experiment develop stimulant use disorder. This study aimed to determine whether behavioral and/or neural processing measures can forecast the transition from occasional to problematic stimulant use. METHODS:Occasional stimulant users completed a Risky Gains Task during functional magnetic resonance imaging and were followed up 3 years later. Categorical analyses tested whether blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) responses differentiated occasional stimulant users who became problem stimulant users (n = 35) from those who desisted from stimulant use (n = 75) at follow-up. Dimensional analyses (regardless of problem stimulant user or desisted stimulant use status; n = 144) tested whether BOLD responses predicted baseline and follow-up stimulant and marijuana use. RESULTS:Categorical results indicated that relative to those who desisted from stimulant use, problem stimulant users 1) made riskier decisions after winning feedback; 2) exhibited lower frontal, insular, and striatal BOLD responses to win/loss feedback after making risky decisions; and 3) displayed lower thalamic but greater temporo-occipital BOLD responses to risky losses than to risky wins. In comparison, dimensional results indicated that lower BOLD signals to risky choices than to safe choices in frontal, striatal, and additional regions predicted greater marijuana use at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS:Taken together, blunted frontostriatal signals during risky choices may quantify vulnerability to future marijuana consumption, whereas blunted frontostriatal signals to risky outcomes mark risk for future stimulant use disorder. These behavioral and neural processing measures may prove to be useful for identifying ultra-high risk individuals prior to onset of problem drug use.

SUBMITTER: Blair MA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6150844 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Blunted Frontostriatal Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent Signals Predict Stimulant and Marijuana Use.

Blair Melanie A MA Stewart Jennifer L JL May April C AC Reske Martina M Tapert Susan F SF Paulus Martin P MP

Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging 20180321 11

<h4>Background</h4>Occasional recreational stimulant (amphetamine and cocaine) use is an important public health problem among young adults because 16% of those who experiment develop stimulant use disorder. This study aimed to determine whether behavioral and/or neural processing measures can forecast the transition from occasional to problematic stimulant use.<h4>Methods</h4>Occasional stimulant users completed a Risky Gains Task during functional magnetic resonance imaging and were followed u ...[more]

PMID: 29681519

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Project description:ImportanceMarijuana use may alter ventral striatal response to reward, which might heighten susceptibility to substance use disorder. Longitudinal research is needed to determine the effects of marijuana use on neural function involved in reward response.ObjectiveTo determine whether marijuana use among young adults prospectively affects nucleus accumbens (NAcc) activation during reward anticipation.Design, setting, and participantsOne hundred eight young adults were recruited from the Michigan Longitudinal Study, an ongoing study of youth at high risk for substance use disorder and a contrast sample of control families. Participants underwent 3 consecutive functional magnetic resonance imaging scans at approximate ages of 20 (time 1), 22 (time 2), and 24 (time 3) years. Self-report data on marijuana and other drug use occasions were collected annually since age 11 years.Main outcomes and measuresCross-lagged models were used to test the association of marijuana use with neural response in the NAcc to reward anticipation during a monetary incentive delay task controlling for sex, age, other substance use, and family history of substance use disorder.ResultsOf 108 participants, 39 (36.1%) were female and mean (SD) age at baseline was 20.1 (1.4) years. Greater marijuana use was associated with later blunted activation in the NAcc during reward anticipation (time 1 to time 2: β = -0.26, P = .04; time 2 to time 3: β = -0.25, P = .01). When the cross-lagged model was tested with the inclusion of previous and concurrent cigarette use, the effect of marijuana use from time 2 to time 3 remained significant (β = -0.29; P = .005) and the effect of cigarette use was nonsignificant.Conclusions and relevanceThe findings of this study indicate that marijuana use is associated with decreased neural response in the NAcc during the anticipation of nondrug rewards. Over time, marijuana use may alter anticipatory reward processing in the NAcc, which may increase the risk for continued drug use and later addiction.

Dataset Information

Blunted Frontostriatal Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent Signals Predict Stimulant and Marijuana Use.

Publications

Blunted Frontostriatal Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent Signals Predict Stimulant and Marijuana Use.

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