Dataset Information

Comparative effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid plus diluted epinephrine to control blood loss during total hip arthroplasty: a meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The standard protocol to achieve haemostasis during total hip arthroplasty (THA) is uncertain. Tranexamic acid plus diluted epinephrine (DEP) and tranexamic acid (TXA) alone are the two most common alternatives. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of TXA plus DEP to treat blood loss in THA patients. METHODS:Published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from the following electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google from inception to July 10, 2018. Studies comparing TXA plus DEP with TXA alone to treat blood loss were included. Either a random-effects model or a fixed-effects model was used for meta-analysis depending on the heterogeneity. We used the need for transfusion as the primary outcome. Stata 12.0 was used for meta-analysis. RESULTS:Six studies involving 703 patients were included in the present meta-analysis. The pooled results demonstrated that TXA plus DEP was associated with a lower transfusion rate than TXA alone (RR?=?0.57, 95% CI 0.38-0.86, P?=?0.006). Furthermore, TXA plus DEP was associated with less total blood loss and hidden blood loss by approximately 209.79 ml and 297.74 ml, respectively, than TXA alone. There was no significant difference in terms of intraoperative blood loss or the occurrence of deep venous thrombosis or haematoma between the TXA plus DEP and TXA alone groups (P?>?0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Our meta-analysis suggested that TXA plus DEP significantly decreased the need for transfusion, total blood loss and hidden blood loss among THA patients. Furthermore, TXA plus DEP did not increase the occurrence of DVT or haemostasis. Additional long-term follow-up RCTs are needed to identify the optimal doses of TXA and DEP.

SUBMITTER: Wang Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6151011 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparative effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid plus diluted epinephrine to control blood loss during total hip arthroplasty: a meta-analysis.

Wang Zhao Z Zhang Hao-Jie HJ

Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 20180921 1

<h4>Background</h4>The standard protocol to achieve haemostasis during total hip arthroplasty (THA) is uncertain. Tranexamic acid plus diluted epinephrine (DEP) and tranexamic acid (TXA) alone are the two most common alternatives. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of TXA plus DEP to treat blood loss in THA patients.<h4>Methods</h4>Published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from the following electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, C ...[more]

PMID: 30241543

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Project description:ObjectiveTo determine the effectiveness and safety of perioperative tranexamic acid use in patients undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty in the United States.DesignRetrospective cohort study; multilevel multivariable logistic regression models measured the association between tranexamic acid use in the perioperative period and outcomes.Setting510 US hospitals from the claims based Premier Perspective database for 2006-12.Participants872,416 patients who had total hip or knee arthroplasty.InterventionPerioperative intravenous tranexamic acid use by dose categories (none, ≤ 1000 mg, 2000 mg, and ≥ 3000 mg).Main outcome measuresAllogeneic or autologous transfusion, thromboembolic complications (pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis), acute renal failure, and combined complications (thromboembolic complications, acute renal failure, cerebrovascular events, myocardial infarction, in-hospital mortality).ResultsWhile comparable regarding average age and comorbidity index, patients receiving tranexamic acid (versus those who did not) showed lower rates of allogeneic or autologous transfusion (7.7% v 20.1%), thromboembolic complications (0.6% v 0.8%), acute renal failure (1.2% v 1.6%), and combined complications (1.9% v 2.6%); all P<0.01. In the multilevel models, tranexamic acid dose categories (versus no tranexamic acid use) were associated with significantly (P<0.001) decreased odds for allogeneic or autologous blood transfusions (odds ratio 0.31 to 0.38 by dose category) and no significantly increased risk for complications: thromboembolic complications (odds ratio 0.85 to 1.02), acute renal failure (0.70 to 1.11), and combined complications (0.75 to 0.98).ConclusionsTranexamic acid was effective in reducing the need for blood transfusions while not increasing the risk of complications, including thromboembolic events and renal failure. Thus our data provide incremental evidence of the potential effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid in patients requiring orthopedic surgery.

Project description:Background: The literature is inconclusive regarding the potential complications of tranexamic acid (TXA), an antifibrinolytic drug, for total hip arthroplasty (THA). The purpose of this study is to compare complication rates and patient outcomes between THA patients administered TXA vs. THA patients not administered TXA. Methods: The TriNetX Research network was utilized to generate a cohort of adult patients who underwent THA between 2003 and 2024. These patients were categorized into two subgroups for the retrospective analysis: (1) patients who received TXA 24 h prior to THA (TXA), and (2) patients who did not receive TXA 24 h prior to total hip arthroplasty (no-TXA). The follow-up period was 30 and 90 days. Results: At 30 days following THA, the TXA patients had a reduced risk of transfusion (risk ratio (RR): 0.412; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.374, 0.453), reduced risk of DVT (RR: 0.856; CI: 0.768, 0.953), reduced risk of joint infection (RR: 0.808; CI: 0.710, 0.920), but a higher rate of periprosthetic fracture (RR: 1.234; CI: 1.065, 1.429) compared to patients who did not receive TXA. At 90 days following THA, TXA patients had a reduced risk of transfusion (RR: 0.446; CI: 0.408, 0.487), DVT (RR: 0.847; CI: 0.776, 0.924), and periprosthetic joint infection (RR: 0.894; CI: 0.815, 0.982) compared to patients who did not receive TXA. Patients who received TXA had higher rates of periprosthetic fracture (RR: 1.219; CI: 1.088, 1.365), acute postoperative anemia (RR: 1.222; CI: 1.171, 1.276), deep surgical site infection (SSI) (RR: 1.706; CI: 1.117, 2.605), and superficial SSI (RR: 1.950; CI: 1.567, 2.428) compared to patients who did not receive TXA. Conclusions: Patients receiving TXA prior to THA exhibited significantly reduced the prevalence of blood transfusions, DVT, and periprosthetic joint infection following THA. However, superficial SSI and periprosthetic fracture were seen with higher rates in the TXA cohort than in the no-TXA cohort.

Dataset Information

Comparative effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid plus diluted epinephrine to control blood loss during total hip arthroplasty: a meta-analysis.

Publications

Comparative effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid plus diluted epinephrine to control blood loss during total hip arthroplasty: a meta-analysis.

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