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Identification of Carotenoids and Isoprenoid Quinones from Asaia lannensis and Asaia bogorensis.

ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to identify and quantitatively assess of carotenoids and isoprenoid quinones biosynthesized by six different strains of acetic acid bacteria, belonging to genus Asaia, that are common beverage-spoiling bacteria in Europe. Bacterial cultures were conducted in a laboratory liquid culture minimal medium with 2% sucrose. Carotenoids and isoprenoid quinones were investigated using UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis. In general, tested strains of Asaia spp. were able to produce 10 carotenoids and 3 isoprenoid quinones: menaquinone-7, menaquinone-8, and ubiquinone-10. The main identified carotenoids in Asaia lannensis strains were phytofluene, neurosporene, ?-carotene, while for Asaia bogorensis, neurosporene, canthaxanthin, and zeaxanthin were noted. What is more, tested Asaia spp. were able to produce myxoxanthophyll, which has so far been identified primarily in cyanobacteria. The results show that A. lannensis are characterized by statistically higher concentrations of produced carotenoids, as well as a greater variety of these compounds. We have noted that carotenoids were not only accumulated by bacterial cells, but also some strains of A. lannensis produced extracellular carotenoids.

SUBMITTER: Antolak H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6151773 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Identification of Carotenoids and Isoprenoid Quinones from Asaia lannensis and Asaia bogorensis.

Antolak Hubert H Oracz Joanna J Otlewska Anna A Żyżelewicz Dorota D Kręgiel Dorota D

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20170925 10

The aim of the study was to identify and quantitatively assess of carotenoids and isoprenoid quinones biosynthesized by six different strains of acetic acid bacteria, belonging to genus <i>Asaia</i>, that are common beverage-spoiling bacteria in Europe. Bacterial cultures were conducted in a laboratory liquid culture minimal medium with 2% sucrose. Carotenoids and isoprenoid quinones were investigated using UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis. In general, tested strains of <i>Asaia</i> spp. were able to p ...[more]

PMID: 28946700

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Project description:Mosquitoes vector many pathogens that cause human disease, such as malaria that is caused by parasites in the genus Plasmodium. Current strategies to control vector-transmitted diseases are hindered by mosquito and pathogen resistance, so research has turned to altering the microbiota of the vectors. In this strategy, called paratransgenesis, symbiotic bacteria are genetically modified to affect the mosquito's phenotype by engineering them to deliver antiplasmodial effector molecules into the midgut to kill parasites. One paratransgenesis candidate is Asaia bogorensis, a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium colonizing the midgut, ovaries, and salivary glands of Anopheles sp. mosquitoes. However, common secretion signals from E. coli and closely related species do not function in Asaia. Here, we report evaluation of 20 native Asaia N-terminal signal sequences predicted from bioinformatics for their ability to mediate increased levels of antiplasmodial effector molecules directed to the periplasm and ultimately outside the cell. We tested the hypothesis that by increasing the amount of antiplasmodials released from the cell we would also increase parasite killing power. We scanned the Asaia bogorensis SF2.1 genome to identify signal sequences from extra-cytoplasmic proteins and fused these to the reporter protein alkaline phosphatase. Six signals resulted in significant levels of protein released from the Asaia bacterium. Three signals were successfully used to drive the release of the antimicrobial peptide, scorpine. Further testing in mosquitoes demonstrated that these three Asaia strains were able to suppress the number of oocysts formed after a blood meal containing P. berghei to a significantly greater degree than wild-type Asaia, although prevalence was not decreased beyond levels obtained with a previously isolated siderophore receptor signal sequence. We interpret these results to indicate that there is a maximum level of suppression that can be achieved when the effectors are constitutively driven due to stress on the symbionts. This suggests that simply increasing the amount of antiplasmodial effector molecules in the midgut is insufficient to create superior paratransgenic bacterial strains and that symbiont fitness must be considered as well.

Project description:1. Twenty-two aerobically grown Gram-negative bacteria were analysed for demethylmenaquinones, menaquinones, 2-polyprenylphenols, 6-methoxy-2-polyprenylphenols and ubiquinones. 2. All the eight enterobacteria and both the two facultative organisms (Aeromonas punctata and Aeromonas hydrophila) examined contain all the compounds listed above. The principal homologues are octaprenyl; in addition lower (down to tri- or tetra-prenyl for the 2-polyprenylphenols) and sometimes higher homologues are also present. 3. Strict aerobes are of two types, those that contain 2-polyprenylphenols, 6-methoxy-2-polyprenylphenols and ubiquinones, and those that contain ubiquinones only. The principal homologues are generally octa- or nona-prenyl, although one organism (Agrobacterium tumefaciens) has ubiquinone-10 as its principal homologue. As in the enterobacteria, lower homologues of these compounds are also present. 4. In Escherichia coli W, Pseudomonas ovalis Chester and Pseudomonas fluorescens, radioactivity from p-hydroxy[U-(14)C]benzoic acid is incorporated into 2-polyprenylphenols, 6-methoxy-2-polyprenylphenols, 6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-polyprenyl-1,4-benzoquinones, ubiquinones and a compound tentatively identified as 2-polyprenyl-1,4-benzoquinone. The fact that radioactivity is incorporated into the first three compounds suggests that in these organisms, and indeed in all those Gram-negative bacteria that contain 2-polyprenylphenols and 6-methoxy-2-polyprenylphenols, ubiquinones are formed by a biosynthetic sequence similar to that in Rhodospirillum rubrum. 5. The finding in ;Vibrio O1' (Moraxella sp.) and organism PC4 that 2-polyprenylphenols and 6-methoxy-2-polyprenylphenols are chemically and radiochemically undetectable leads to the conclusion that they are not intermediates in the biosynthesis of ubiquinone by these and by other Gram-negative bacteria that do not contain detectable amounts of 2-polyprenylphenols and 6-methoxy-2-polyprenylphenols. However, ;Vibrio O1' (organism PC4 was not examined) does contain 6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-polyprenyl-1,4-benzoquinone. 6. In Ps. ovalis Chester, radioactivity from l-[Me-(14)C]methionine is incorporated into the nuclear C-methyl and O-methyl groups of 6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-polyprenyl-1,4-benzoquinones and ubiquinone-9, and into the O-methyl group of 6-methoxy-2-polyprenylphenols.

Dataset Information

Identification of Carotenoids and Isoprenoid Quinones from Asaia lannensis and Asaia bogorensis.

Publications

Identification of Carotenoids and Isoprenoid Quinones from Asaia lannensis and Asaia bogorensis.

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