Dataset Information

Expression of FcRn receptor in placental tissue and its relationship with IgG levels in term and preterm newborns.

ABSTRACT: PROBLEM:IgG is the only antibody class, that is, actively transferred from the mother to the fetus across the placenta by an active, neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) mediated process during pregnancy, conferring passive immunity and protection against infections to the newborn during the first months of life. Preterm infants may not receive sufficient titers of protective antibodies, as most of them are transferred only after the 34th week of gestation. Because of the great importance of this process, we investigated in a clinical setting the placental transmission of IgG antibodies in term and preterm newborns. METHOD OF STUDY:This work was conducted in 85 woman and their newborns, divided into four groups according to their clinical gestational age (?37 weeks were considered as preterm). Blood samples were collected from the mothers and their newborns' umbilical cords to analyze total serum IgG concentrations, and a subgroup of 32 placentas was analyzed by immunohistochemistry to quantify the expression of the FcRn receptor. RESULTS:Total IgG levels in both mothers and neonates increased significantly through the third trimester of gestation. Regarding the newborns, in all groups, IgG levels exceeded their mother's values by a ~2.4%. A higher expression of FcRn was detected in placentas from newborns at week 36 of gestation onwards. CONCLUSION:Our results obtained from clinical samples, were in line with previous descriptions in model systems and confirmed that the IgG transfer from maternal serum to the fetus is positively correlated with FcRn expression in placental tissue throughout gestation.

SUBMITTER: Lozano NA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6153031 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Expression of FcRn receptor in placental tissue and its relationship with IgG levels in term and preterm newborns.

Lozano Natalia A NA Lozano Alejandro A Marini Vanina V Saranz Ricardo J RJ Blumberg Richard S RS Baker Kristi K Agresta Maria F MF Ponzio Marina F MF

American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) 20180510 3

<h4>Problem</h4>IgG is the only antibody class, that is, actively transferred from the mother to the fetus across the placenta by an active, neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) mediated process during pregnancy, conferring passive immunity and protection against infections to the newborn during the first months of life. Preterm infants may not receive sufficient titers of protective antibodies, as most of them are transferred only after the 34th week of gestation. Because of the great importance of this ...[more]

PMID: 29745444

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Project description:ImportanceAntibiotic treatment saves lives in newborns with early-onset sepsis (EOS), but unwarranted antibiotic use is associated with resistant bacteria and adverse outcomes later in life. Surveillance is needed to optimize treatment strategies.ObjectiveTo describe antibiotic use in association with the incidence and mortality from EOS among late-preterm and full-term newborns.Design, setting, and participantsThe Sweden Neonatal Antibiotic Use study was a nationwide observational study that included all late-preterm and full-term neonates born from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2020, in neonatal units of all levels. All hospital live births from 34 weeks' gestation during the study period were included in the study. Data were collected from the Swedish Neonatal Quality Register and the Swedish Medical Birth Register. Data were analyzed from August 2022 to May 2023.ExposureAdmission for neonatal intensive care during the first week of life.Main outcomes and measuresThe main outcomes were the usage of intravenous antibiotics during the first week of life, the duration of antibiotic therapy, the rate of culture-proven EOS, and mortality associated with EOS.ResultsA total of 1 025 515 newborns were included in the study; 19 286 neonates (1.88%; 7686 girls [39.9%]; median [IQR] gestational age, 40 [38-41] weeks; median [IQR] birth weight, 3610 [3140-4030] g) received antibiotics during the first week of life, of whom 647 (3.4%) had EOS. The median (IQR) duration of antibiotic treatment in newborns without EOS was 5 (3-7) days, and there were 113 antibiotic-days per 1000 live births. During the study period there was no significant change in the exposure to neonatal antibiotics or antibiotic-days per 1000 live births. The incidence of EOS was 0.63 per 1000 live births, with a significant decrease from 0.74 in 2012 to 0.34 in 2020. Mortality associated with EOS was 1.39% (9 of 647 newborns) and did not change significantly over time. For each newborn with EOS, antibiotic treatment was initiated in 29 newborns and 173 antibiotic-days were dispensed.Conclusions and relevanceThis large nationwide study found that a relatively low exposure to antibiotics is not associated with an increased risk of EOS or associated mortality. Still, future efforts to reduce unwarranted neonatal antibiotic use are needed.

Project description:Preterm birth is a global public health crisis which results in significant neonatal and maternal mortality. Yet little is known regarding the molecular mechanisms of idiopathic spontaneous preterm birth, and we have few diagnostic markers for adequate assessment of placental development and function. Previous studies of placental pathology and our transcriptomics studies suggest a role for placental maturity in idiopathic spontaneous preterm birth. It is known that placental DNA methylation changes over gestation. We hypothesized that if placental hypermaturity is present in our samples, we would observe a unique idiopathic spontaneous preterm birth DNA methylation profile potentially driving the gene expression differences we previously identified in our placental samples. Our results indicate the idiopathic spontaneous preterm birth DNA methylation pattern mimics the term birth methylation pattern suggesting hypermaturity. Only seven significant differentially methylated regions fitting the idiopathic spontaneous preterm birth specific (relative to the controls) profile were identified, indicating unusually high similarity in DNA methylation between idiopathic spontaneous preterm birth and term birth samples. We identified an additional 1,718 significantly methylated regions in our gestational age matched controls where the idiopathic spontaneous preterm birth DNA methylation pattern mimics the term birth methylation pattern, again indicating a striking level of similarity between the idiopathic spontaneous preterm birth and term birth samples. Pathway analysis of these regions revealed differences in genes within the WNT and Cadherin signaling pathways, both of which are essential in placental development and maturation. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the idiopathic spontaneous preterm birth samples display a hypermature methylation signature than expected given their respective gestational age which likely impacts birth timing.

Dataset Information

Expression of FcRn receptor in placental tissue and its relationship with IgG levels in term and preterm newborns.

Publications

Expression of FcRn receptor in placental tissue and its relationship with IgG levels in term and preterm newborns.

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