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Gas-solid reaction based over one-micrometer thick stable perovskite films for efficient solar cells and modules.

ABSTRACT: Besides high efficiency, the stability and reproducibility of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are also key for their commercialization. Herein, we report a simple perovskite formation method to fabricate perovskite films with thickness over 1??m in ambient condition on the basis of the fast gas-solid reaction of chlorine-incorporated hydrogen lead triiodide and methylamine gas. The resultant thick and smooth chlorine-incorporated perovskite films exhibit full coverage, improved crystallinity, low surface roughness and low thickness variation. The resultant PSCs achieve an average power conversion efficiency of 19.1?±?0.4% with good reproducibility. Meanwhile, this method enables an active area efficiency of 15.3% for 5?cm?×?5?cm solar modules. The un-encapsulated PSCs exhibit an excellent T₈₀ lifetime exceeding 1600?h under continuous operation conditions in dry nitrogen environment.

SUBMITTER: Liu Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6155243 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Gas-solid reaction based over one-micrometer thick stable perovskite films for efficient solar cells and modules.

Liu Zonghao Z Qiu Longbin L Juarez-Perez Emilio J EJ Hawash Zafer Z Kim Taehoon T Jiang Yan Y Wu Zhifang Z Raga Sonia R SR Ono Luis K LK Liu Shengzhong Frank SF Qi Yabing Y

Nature communications 20180924 1

Besides high efficiency, the stability and reproducibility of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are also key for their commercialization. Herein, we report a simple perovskite formation method to fabricate perovskite films with thickness over 1 μm in ambient condition on the basis of the fast gas-solid reaction of chlorine-incorporated hydrogen lead triiodide and methylamine gas. The resultant thick and smooth chlorine-incorporated perovskite films exhibit full coverage, improved crystallinity, low ...[more]

PMID: 30250031

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Project description:We report an investigation of the self-assembly of the monosialoganglioside (GM(1)) at interfaces formed between aqueous solutions of 10 microM GM(1) (at 25 degrees C) and micrometer-thick films of the nematic liquid crystal (LC) 4'-pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl (5CB). We observe the process of spontaneous transfer of GM(1) onto the interfaces to be accompanied by continuous ordering transitions within the micrometer-thick films of the LC. At saturation coverage, the GM(1) orders the LC in an orientation that is perpendicular to the interface, an orientation that is similar to that caused by phospholipids such as dilauroylphosphatidylcholine (DLPC). This result suggests an interaction between the LC and GM(1) that is dominated by the hydrophobic tails of the GM(1). Relative to DLPC, however, we observe the dynamics of the LC ordering transition driven by GM(1) to be slow (2 h for DLPC versus 100 h for GM(1)). To provide insight into the origins of the slow dynamics of the GM(1)-induced ordering transition in the LC, we performed two additional measurements. First, we quantified the time-dependent adsorption of GM(1) at the LC interface by using fluorescently-labeled GM(1). Second, we used the Langmuir-Schaefer method to transfer preorganized monolayers of GM(1) from an air-water interface to the aqueous-LC interface. Results obtained from these two experiments are consistent with a physical picture in which the final stages of spontaneous adsorption/ordering of GM(1) at the aqueous-LC interface dictate the dynamics of the LC ordering transition. This rate limiting process underlying the ordering transition was substantially accelerated by heating the system above the phase transition temperature of GM(1)(26 degrees C), suggesting that the phase state of the GM(1) micellar aggregates in bulk solution strongly influences the kinetics of the final stages of ordering/adsorption of GM(1) at the LC interface. Overall, these results and others presented in this manuscript reveal that it is possible to decorate interfaces of a nematic LC with GM(1), and that the assembly of GM(1) at these interfaces impacts the dynamic and equilibrium ordering of the LC.

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Gas-solid reaction based over one-micrometer thick stable perovskite films for efficient solar cells and modules.

Publications

Gas-solid reaction based over one-micrometer thick stable perovskite films for efficient solar cells and modules.

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