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Plant neighbor detection and allelochemical response are driven by root-secreted signaling chemicals.

ABSTRACT: Plant neighbor detection and response strategies are important mediators of interactions among species. Despite increasing knowledge of neighbor detection and response involving plant volatiles, less is known about how soil-borne signaling chemicals may act belowground in plant-plant interactions. Here, we experimentally demonstrate neighbor detection and allelopathic responses between wheat and 100 other plant species via belowground signaling. Wheat can detect both conspecific and heterospecific neighbors and responds by increasing allelochemical production. Furthermore, we show that (-)-loliolide and jasmonic acid are present in root exudates from a diverse range of species and are able to trigger allelochemical production in wheat. These findings suggest that root-secreted (-)-loliolide and jasmonic acid are involved in plant neighbor detection and allelochemical response and may be widespread mediators of belowground plant-plant interactions.

SUBMITTER: Kong CH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6155373 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Plant neighbor detection and allelochemical response are driven by root-secreted signaling chemicals.

Kong Chui-Hua CH Zhang Song-Zhu SZ Li Yong-Hua YH Xia Zhi-Chao ZC Yang Xue-Fang XF Meiners Scott J SJ Wang Peng P

Nature communications 20180924 1

Plant neighbor detection and response strategies are important mediators of interactions among species. Despite increasing knowledge of neighbor detection and response involving plant volatiles, less is known about how soil-borne signaling chemicals may act belowground in plant-plant interactions. Here, we experimentally demonstrate neighbor detection and allelopathic responses between wheat and 100 other plant species via belowground signaling. Wheat can detect both conspecific and heterospecif ...[more]

PMID: 30250243

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Project description:Crop losses to plant pathogens are a growing threat to global food security and more effective control strategies are urgently required. Biofumigation, an agricultural technique where Brassica plant tissues are mulched into soils to release antimicrobial plant allelochemicals called isothiocyanates (ITCs), has been proposed as an environmentally friendly alternative to agrochemicals. Whilst biofumigation has been shown to suppress a range of plant pathogens, its effects on plant pathogenic bacteria remain largely unexplored. Here, we used a laboratory model system to compare the efficacy of different types of ITCs against Ralstonia solanacearum plant bacterial pathogen. Additionally, we evaluated the potential for ITC-tolerance evolution under high, intermediate, and low transfer frequency ITC exposure treatments. We found that allyl-ITC was the most efficient compound at suppressing R. solanacearum growth, and its efficacy was not improved when combined with other types of ITCs. Despite consistent pathogen growth suppression, ITC tolerance evolution was observed in the low transfer frequency exposure treatment, leading to cross-tolerance to ampicillin beta-lactam antibiotic. Mechanistically, tolerance was linked to insertion sequence movement at four positions in genes that were potentially associated with stress responses (H-NS histone like protein), cell growth and competitiveness (acyltransferase), iron storage ([2-Fe-2S]-binding protein) and calcium ion sequestration (calcium-binding protein). Interestingly, pathogen adaptation to the growth media also indirectly selected for increased ITC tolerance through potential adaptations linked with metabolism and antibiotic resistance (dehydrogenase-like protein) and transmembrane protein movement (Tat pathway signal protein). Together, our results suggest that R. solanacearum can rapidly evolve tolerance to allyl-ITC plant allelochemical which could constrain the long-term efficiency of biofumigation biocontrol and potentially shape pathogen evolution with plants.

Dataset Information

Plant neighbor detection and allelochemical response are driven by root-secreted signaling chemicals.

Publications

Plant neighbor detection and allelochemical response are driven by root-secreted signaling chemicals.

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