Dataset Information

Impact of deep ocean mixing on the climatic mean state in the Southern Ocean.

ABSTRACT: The Southern Ocean is of great importance for the global stratification and biological carbon storage because it is connected to the global ocean conveyor by which atmospheric information absorbed in the Southern Ocean is redistributed globally and buffered over centuries. Therefore, understanding what controls the Southern Ocean climate, the global ocean conveyor, and links between them is a key to quantifying uncertainties in future climate projections. Based on a set of climate model experiments, here we show that the tide-induced micro-scale mixing in the Pacific deep ocean has significant impacts on the wintertime Southern Ocean climate through basin-scale reorganization of ocean stratification and resultant response of the global ocean conveyor. Specifically, Pacific deep water, which is modified by the deep ocean mixing while travelling south, reinforces the subsurface stratification and suppresses deep convection in the Southern Ocean. Resultant increase of the Ross Sea sea-ice leads to decrease of incoming shortwave radiation and strengthening of the westerly and storms. Because the Southern Ocean could regulate the global warming progress through its role as heat and carbon sink, our study implies that better representation of deep ocean mixing in climate models contributes to reliability improvement in regional-to-global climate projections.

SUBMITTER: Tatebe H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6160463 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Impact of deep ocean mixing on the climatic mean state in the Southern Ocean.

Tatebe Hiroaki H Tanaka Yuki Y Komuro Yoshiki Y Hasumi Hiroyasu H

Scientific reports 20180927 1

The Southern Ocean is of great importance for the global stratification and biological carbon storage because it is connected to the global ocean conveyor by which atmospheric information absorbed in the Southern Ocean is redistributed globally and buffered over centuries. Therefore, understanding what controls the Southern Ocean climate, the global ocean conveyor, and links between them is a key to quantifying uncertainties in future climate projections. Based on a set of climate model experime ...[more]

PMID: 30262861

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Project description:The Antarctic coastal fauna is characterized by high endemism related to the progressive cooling of Antarctic waters and their isolation by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The origin of the Antarctic coastal fauna could involve either colonization from adjoining deep-sea areas or migration through the Drake Passage from sub-Antarctic areas. Here, we tested these hypotheses by comparing the morphology and genetics of benthic foraminifera collected from Antarctica, sub-Antarctic coastal settings in South Georgia, the Falkland Islands and Patagonian fjords. We analyzed four genera (Cassidulina, Globocassidulina, Cassidulinoides, Ehrenbergina) of the family Cassidulinidae that are represented by at least nine species in our samples. Focusing on the genera Globocassidulina and Cassidulinoides, our results showed that the first split between sub-Antarctic and Antarctic lineages took place during the mid-Miocene climate reorganization, probably about 20 to 17 million years ago (Ma). It was followed by a divergence between Antarctic species ~ 10 Ma, probably related to the cooling of deep water and vertical structuring of the water-column, as well as broadening and deepening of the continental shelf. The gene flow across the Drake Passage, as well as between South America and South Georgia, seems to have occurred from the Late Miocene to the Early Pliocene. It appears that climate warming during 7-5 Ma and the migration of the Polar Front breached biogeographic barriers and facilitated inter-species hybridization. The latest radiation coincided with glacial intensification (~ 2 Ma), which accelerated geographic fragmentation of populations, demographic changes, and genetic diversification in Antarctic species. Our results show that the evolution of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic coastal benthic foraminifera was linked to the tectonic and climatic history of the area, but their evolutionary response was not uniform and reflected species-specific ecological adaptations that influenced the dispersal patterns and biogeography of each species in different ways.

Dataset Information

Impact of deep ocean mixing on the climatic mean state in the Southern Ocean.

Publications

Impact of deep ocean mixing on the climatic mean state in the Southern Ocean.

Similar Datasets

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