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Fabrication and Characterization of an Electrospun PHA/Graphene Silver Nanocomposite Scaffold for Antibacterial Applications.

ABSTRACT: Many wounds are unresponsive to currently available treatment techniques and therefore there is an immense need to explore suitable materials, including biomaterials, which could be considered as the crucial factor to accelerate the healing cascade. In this study, we fabricated polyhydroxyalkanoate-based antibacterial mats via an electrospinning technique. One-pot green synthesized graphene-decorated silver nanoparticles (GAg) were incorporated into the fibres of poly-3 hydroxybutarate-co-12 mol.% hydroxyhexanoate (P3HB-co-12 mol.% HHx), a co-polymer of the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) family which is highly biocompatible, biodegradable, and flexible in nature. The synthesized PHA/GAg biomaterial has been characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), elemental mapping, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). An in vitro antibacterial analysis was performed to investigate the efficacy of PHA/GAg against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) strain 12,600 ATCC and gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain 8739 ATCC. The results indicated that the PHA/GAg demonstrated significant reduction of S. aureus and E. coli as compared to bare PHA or PHA- reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in 2 h of time. The p value (p < 0.05) was obtained by using a two-sample t-test distribution.

SUBMITTER: Mukheem A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6163631 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Fabrication and Characterization of an Electrospun PHA/Graphene Silver Nanocomposite Scaffold for Antibacterial Applications.

Mukheem Abdul A Muthoosamy Kasturi K Manickam Sivakumar S Sudesh Kumar K Shahabuddin Syed S Saidur Rahman R Akbar Noor N Sridewi Nanthini N

Materials (Basel, Switzerland) 20180910 9

Many wounds are unresponsive to currently available treatment techniques and therefore there is an immense need to explore suitable materials, including biomaterials, which could be considered as the crucial factor to accelerate the healing cascade. In this study, we fabricated polyhydroxyalkanoate-based antibacterial mats via an electrospinning technique. One-pot green synthesized graphene-decorated silver nanoparticles (GAg) were incorporated into the fibres of poly-3 hydroxybutarate-co-12 mol ...[more]

PMID: 30201852

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Project description:Tissue engineering strategies have emerged in response to the growing prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal conditions, with many of these regenerative methods currently being evaluated in translational animal models. Engineered replacements for fibrous tissues such as the meniscus, annulus fibrosus, tendons, and ligaments are subjected to challenging physiologic loads, and are difficult to track in vivo using standard techniques. The diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal conditions depends heavily on radiographic assessment, and a number of currently available implants utilize radiopaque markers to facilitate in vivo imaging. In this study, we developed a nanofibrous scaffold in which individual fibers included radiopaque nanoparticles. Inclusion of radiopaque particles increased the tensile modulus of the scaffold and imparted radiation attenuation within the range of cortical bone. When scaffolds were seeded with bovine mesenchymal stem cells in vitro, there was no change in cell proliferation and no evidence of promiscuous conversion to an osteogenic phenotype. Scaffolds were implanted ex vivo in a model of a meniscal tear in a bovine joint and in vivo in a model of total disc replacement in the rat coccygeal spine (tail), and were visualized via fluoroscopy and microcomputed tomography. In the disc replacement model, histological analysis at 4 weeks showed that the scaffold was biocompatible and supported the deposition of fibrous tissue in vivo. Nanofibrous scaffolds that include radiopaque nanoparticles provide a biocompatible template with sufficient radiopacity for in vivo visualization in both small and large animal models. This radiopacity may facilitate image-guided implantation and non-invasive long-term evaluation of scaffold location and performance.Statement of significanceThe healing capacity of fibrous musculoskeletal tissues is limited, and injury or degeneration of these tissues compromises the standard of living of millions in the US. Tissue engineering repair strategies for the intervertebral disc, meniscus, tendon and ligament have progressed from in vitro to in vivo evaluation using a variety of animal models, and the clinical application of these technologies is imminent. The composition of most scaffold materials however does not allow for visualization by methods available to clinicians (e.g., radiography), and thus it is not possible to assess their performance in situ. In this work, we describe a radiopaque nanofibrous scaffold that can be visualized radiographically in both small and large animal models and serve as a framework for the development of an engineered fibrous tissue.

Project description:In this article, ZnO:NiO:CuO nanocomposites (NCPs) were synthesized using a hydrothermal method, with different Zn : Ni : Cu molar ratios (1 : 1 : 1, 2 : 1 : 1, 1 : 2 : 1, and 1 : 1 : 1). The PXRD confirmed the formation of a NCP consisting of ZnO (hexagonal), NiO (cubic), and CuO (monoclinic) structures. The crystallite sizes of NCPs were calculated using Debye Scherrer and Williamson-Hall methods. The calculated crystalline sizes (Scherrer method) of the NCPs were determined to be 21, 27, 23, and 20 nm for the molar ratios 1 : 1 : 1, 2 : 1 : 1, 1 : 2 : 1, and 1 : 1 : 2, respectively. FTIR spectra confirmed the successful formation of heterojunction NCPs via the presence of metal-oxygen bonds. The UV-vis spectroscopy was used to calculate the bandgap of synthesized samples and was found in the range of 2.99-2.17 eV. SEM images showed the mixed morphology of NCPs i.e., irregular spherical and rod-like structures. The dielectric properties, including AC conductivity, dielectric constant, impedance, and dielectric loss parameters were measured using an LCR meter. The DC electrical measurements revealed that NCPs have a high electrical conductivity. All the NCPs were evaluated for the photocatalytic degradation of Methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO), and a mixture of both of these dyes. The NCPs with a molar ratio 1 : 1 : 2 (Zn : Ni : Cu) displayed outstanding photocatalytic activity under sunlight, achieving the degradation efficiency of 98% for methylene blue (MB), 92% for methyl orange (MO) and more than 87% in the case of a mixture of dyes within just 90 minutes of illumination. The antibacterial activity results showed the more noxious nature of NCPs against Gram-negative bacteria with a maximum zone of inhibition revealed by the NCPs of molar ratio 1 : 2 : 1 (Zn : Ni : Cu). On the basis of these observations, it can be anticipated that the NCPs can be successfully employed for the purification of contaminated water by the degradation of hazardous organic compounds and in antibacterial ointments.

Dataset Information

Fabrication and Characterization of an Electrospun PHA/Graphene Silver Nanocomposite Scaffold for Antibacterial Applications.

Publications

Fabrication and Characterization of an Electrospun PHA/Graphene Silver Nanocomposite Scaffold for Antibacterial Applications.

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