Dataset Information

Biofilm Formation and Degradation of Commercially Available Biodegradable Plastic Films by Bacterial Consortiums in Freshwater Environments.

ABSTRACT: We investigated biofilm formation on biodegradable plastics in freshwater samples. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH) was covered by a biofilm after an incubation in freshwater samples. A next generation sequencing analysis of the bacterial communities of biofilms that formed on PHBH films revealed the dominance of the order Burkholderiales. Furthermore, Acidovorax and Undibacterium were the predominant genera in most biofilms. Twenty-five out of 28 PHBH-degrading isolates were assigned to the genus Acidovorax, while the other three were assigned to the genera Undibacterium and Chitinimonas. These results demonstrated that the order Burkholderiales in biofilms functions as a degrader of PHBH films.

SUBMITTER: Morohoshi T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6167122 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Biofilm Formation and Degradation of Commercially Available Biodegradable Plastic Films by Bacterial Consortiums in Freshwater Environments.

Morohoshi Tomohiro T Oi Taishiro T Aiso Haruna H Suzuki Tomohiro T Okura Tetsuo T Sato Shunsuke S

Microbes and environments 20180828 3

We investigated biofilm formation on biodegradable plastics in freshwater samples. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH) was covered by a biofilm after an incubation in freshwater samples. A next generation sequencing analysis of the bacterial communities of biofilms that formed on PHBH films revealed the dominance of the order Burkholderiales. Furthermore, Acidovorax and Undibacterium were the predominant genera in most biofilms. Twenty-five out of 28 PHBH-degrading isolates were ...[more]

PMID: 30158390

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Project description:Despite the increasing application of biodegradable plastic mulches (BDMs) in agriculture, the colonization and succession of the attached microbial community on BDMs during their degradation processes remain poorly characterized. Here, we buried four types of commonly used BDMs, including pure polylactic acid (PLA), pure polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), and two mixtures of PLA and PBAT (85:15 and 15:85 w/w), and one classic polyethylene (PE) mulch in soil for 5 months. Both plastic components and incubation time significantly shaped the β-diversities of microbiota on the plastic mulches (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, the microbial compositions and community structures on BDMs were significantly different from PE mulch, and when excluding PE mulch, the microbiota varied more with time than by the composition of the four BDMs. The orders Burkholderiales and Pseudonocardiales were dominant on most BDMs across different time points. The genus Ramlibacter was revealed as a common biomarker for both PLA and PBAT by random-forest model, and all biomarkers for the BDMs belonged to the dominant order Burkholderiales. In addition, degradation-related and pathogen-related functional taxa were enriched in all mulches among all 40 functional groups, while surprisingly, potential pathogens were detected at higher levels on BDMs than PE. For community assembly on all mulches, the drift and dispersal processes played more important roles than selection, and in particular, the contribution of stochastic drift increased during the degradation process of BDMs while selection decreased, while the opposite trend was observed with PE mulch. Overall, our results demonstrated some degradation species and pathogens were specifically enriched on BDMs, though stochastic processes also had important impacts on the community assembly. It suggested that, similar to conventional plastic mulch, the increased usage of BDMs could lead to potential hazards to crops and human health.

Project description:The seafloor is considered the major sink for plastic debris in the world's oceans. Biodegradable polymers are available on the market as a substitute for conventional plastic and could potentially end up in the same environment. To gain more insight into the effects of different sediments on the degradation rate of biodegradable plastic we performed two iterative seawater tank experiments. First, to test the effect of sediment grain size, film of Mater-Bi HF03V, a blend of thermoplastic starch and biodegradable polyesters, was placed on the surface of mud as well as on four different grain size fractions of beach sand. Disintegration half-life was shortest on mud (139 days) and increased with the grain size of the beach sediment fractions (63-250 µm: 296 days; 250-500 µm: 310 days; 500-1,000 µm: 438 days; >1,000 µm: 428 days). We assume that the higher surface-to-volume ratio in fine sediment compared to coarse sediment led to a higher bacterial abundance and thus to faster disintegration rates. In a follow-up experiment, the <500 µm fraction of sediment from four different beaches around Isola d'Elba, Italy, was used to test plastic disintegration as above. Additionally, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB, MIREL P5001) was used as a positive control and high-density polyethylene (HD-PE) as a negative control. No disintegration was observed for HD-PE. Mater-Bi HF03V and PHB disintegrated significantly differently on sediment from different sites, with half-lives of Mater-Bi HF03V ranging from 72 to 368 days and of PHB from 112 to 215 days. Here, the half-life was shortest on slightly coarser sediment and at potentially anthropogenically impacted sites. We assume that the effect of the grain size on the disintegration rate was masked by other parameters influencing the microbial community and activity. Understanding the parameters driving biodegradation is key to reliably report the range of disintegration rates occurring under the various conditions in different ecosystems.

Dataset Information

Biofilm Formation and Degradation of Commercially Available Biodegradable Plastic Films by Bacterial Consortiums in Freshwater Environments.

Publications

Biofilm Formation and Degradation of Commercially Available Biodegradable Plastic Films by Bacterial Consortiums in Freshwater Environments.

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