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Phytochemical study of Piliostigma thonningii, a medicinal plant grown in Nigeria.

ABSTRACT: Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redhead. (Leguminosae) is used for various medicinal purposes in African countries. Phytochemical investigation of P. thonningii yielded two compounds newly isolated from natural sources, 2?-methoxyclovan-9?-ol (1), and methyl-ent-3?-hydroxylabd-8(17)-en-15-oate (2), along with 14 known compounds (3-16). Compounds 1 and 4 (alepterolic acid) showed potential selectivity towards Trypanosoma brucei brucei with IC50 7.89 and 3.42 ?M, respectively. Compound 2 showed activity towards T. brucei and Leishmania donovani Amastigote with IC50 3.84 and 7.82 ?M, respectively. The structure activity relationship (SAR) of the isolated metabolites suggested that hydroxylation at C-2 enhances the antiprotozoal activity towards T. brucei in sesquiterpenes 1 and 3. Similarly hydroxylation at C-3 in labdane diterpenes elevates the antiprotozoal activity towards T. brucei.

SUBMITTER: Afolayan M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6181138 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Phytochemical study of Piliostigma thonningii, a medicinal plant grown in Nigeria.

Afolayan Michael M Srivedavyasasri Radhakrishnan R Asekun Olayinka T OT Familoni Oluwole B OB Orishadipe Abayomi A Zulfiqar Fazila F Ibrahim Mohamed A MA Ross Samir A SA

Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents 20180825 10

Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redhead. (Leguminosae) is used for various medicinal purposes in African countries. Phytochemical investigation of P. thonningii yielded two compounds newly isolated from natural sources, 2β-methoxyclovan-9α-ol (1), and methyl-ent-3β-hydroxylabd-8(17)-en-15-oate (2), along with 14 known compounds (3-16). Compounds 1 and 4 (alepterolic acid) showed potential selectivity tow ...[more]

PMID: 30319238

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Project description:Medicinal plants Highly aromatic crude materials are utilized for treating warts as an alternative medicine to surgical treatment because they can be permanently removed from the body. Thus, this investigation aimed to extract plant material from Calotropis procera leaves, describe the phytochemical screening, analyze anti-microbial activities, determine the functional groups in FTIR, and identify the chemical compounds in GC-MS. The PH, specific gravity, and viscosity of the crude extracts of Calotropis procera were determined at 4.5, 0.79, and 0.49, respectively. Analyze the solubility of crude extracts; ethanol can dissolve while water does not. Flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, tannins, and saponins were also present in the phytochemical screening tests of the Calotropis procera extracts, triterpenoids, terpenoids, and steroids were not present in the crude extract. Flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, tannins, and saponins are the primary phytochemical components found in therapeutic plant material. The Calotropis procera crude extracts analyzed for functional groups by FT-IR contained a hydroxyl group, alkane, carbonyl, aldehyde, ketone, phenols, ester, alcohol, and methylene. The chemical compounds analyzed by GC-MS of Calotropis procera crude material were found to have 22 main compounds. Of 22 compounds, 5 compounds are active ingredients for the applications of medical purposes. The bioactive compounds found in the Calotropis procera plant extract are neophytadiene, hexahydrofarnesyl, lanosterol, 2,4-dimethylbenzo [H]quinolone, and squalene. Those bioactive compounds have anti-bacterial, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, and anti-cancer properties. In an in vitro antimicrobial activity test, the crude extract effectively inhibited more gram-positive bacteria than gram-negative bacteria. This collective reason is why the traditional therapist uses this Calotropis procera plant for the treatment of warts.

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Phytochemical study of Piliostigma thonningii, a medicinal plant grown in Nigeria.

Publications

Phytochemical study of <i>Piliostigma thonningii</i>, a medicinal plant grown in Nigeria.

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