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A high-coverage Neandertal genome from Vindija Cave in Croatia.


ABSTRACT: To date, the only Neandertal genome that has been sequenced to high quality is from an individual found in Southern Siberia. We sequenced the genome of a female Neandertal from ~50,000 years ago from Vindija Cave, Croatia, to ~30-fold genomic coverage. She carried 1.6 differences per 10,000 base pairs between the two copies of her genome, fewer than present-day humans, suggesting that Neandertal populations were of small size. Our analyses indicate that she was more closely related to the Neandertals that mixed with the ancestors of present-day humans living outside of sub-Saharan Africa than the previously sequenced Neandertal from Siberia, allowing 10 to 20% more Neandertal DNA to be identified in present-day humans, including variants involved in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, schizophrenia, and other diseases.

SUBMITTER: Prufer K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6185897 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A high-coverage Neandertal genome from Vindija Cave in Croatia.

Prüfer Kay K   de Filippo Cesare C   Grote Steffi S   Mafessoni Fabrizio F   Korlević Petra P   Hajdinjak Mateja M   Vernot Benjamin B   Skov Laurits L   Hsieh Pinghsun P   Peyrégne Stéphane S   Reher David D   Hopfe Charlotte C   Nagel Sarah S   Maricic Tomislav T   Fu Qiaomei Q   Theunert Christoph C   Rogers Rebekah R   Skoglund Pontus P   Chintalapati Manjusha M   Dannemann Michael M   Nelson Bradley J BJ   Key Felix M FM   Rudan Pavao P   Kućan Željko Ž   Gušić Ivan I   Golovanova Liubov V LV   Doronichev Vladimir B VB   Patterson Nick N   Reich David D   Eichler Evan E EE   Slatkin Montgomery M   Schierup Mikkel H MH   Andrés Aida M AM   Kelso Janet J   Meyer Matthias M   Pääbo Svante S  

Science (New York, N.Y.) 20171005 6363


To date, the only Neandertal genome that has been sequenced to high quality is from an individual found in Southern Siberia. We sequenced the genome of a female Neandertal from ~50,000 years ago from Vindija Cave, Croatia, to ~30-fold genomic coverage. She carried 1.6 differences per 10,000 base pairs between the two copies of her genome, fewer than present-day humans, suggesting that Neandertal populations were of small size. Our analyses indicate that she was more closely related to the Neande  ...[more]

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