Dataset Information

Evaluation of tooth brushing behavior change by social marketing approach among primary students in Qom, Iran: A quasi-experimental controlled study.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

Nowadays traditional training methods for promotion of oral health behaviors cannot meet the demand of the society and there is a need for effective new methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of social marketing approach versus the traditional method on promotion of tooth brushing habits in primary school students of Kahak and Jafariyeh, Qom, Iran.

Materials and methods

This study was conducted in the 2016-2017 academic year. First, the reasons for lack of interest in proper tooth brushing were evaluated. Forgetting and laziness were determined as the most important reasons. According to these results, appropriate intervention tools related to proper tooth brushing habits were designed. Then, the students' tooth brushing habits were recorded before the intervention. Students in Kahak that were considered non-randomly as intervention group received the designed educational package according to the social marketing approach for one and a half months. In Jafariyeh (control group), the students received training only through pamphlets as traditional method. After the intervention, the tooth brushing habits of the students were recorded. The habits before and after the intervention were compared using statistical tests.

Results

Increased length of tooth brushing to at least two minutes was 28.0% in Kahak and 14.0% in Jafariyeh (P<0.001) and increased frequency of tooth brushing to at least two times per day was 30.5% in Kahak and 11.8% in Jafariyeh (P<0.001). Improvement in tooth brushing habits (at least two minutes twice daily) was 32.9% in Kahak and 13.0% in Jafariyeh (P<0.001).

Conclusion

The use of the social marketing approach is more effective than traditional methods in promoting oral health behaviors.

SUBMITTER: Habibi AA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6197689 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Evaluation of tooth brushing behavior change by social marketing approach among primary students in Qom, Iran: A quasi-experimental controlled study.

Habibi Ali Asghar AA Gholami Mahdia M Shamshiri Ahmad Reza AR

PloS one 20181022 10

<h4>Objectives</h4>Nowadays traditional training methods for promotion of oral health behaviors cannot meet the demand of the society and there is a need for effective new methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of social marketing approach versus the traditional method on promotion of tooth brushing habits in primary school students of Kahak and Jafariyeh, Qom, Iran.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>This study was conducted in the 2016-2017 academic year. First, the reasons for la ...[more]

PMID: 30346987

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Project description:BackgroundTooth decay is one of the diseases that is closely related to people's behaviors and it can have adverse effects on their performance and their success in the future. Brushing twice a day is the simplest and most effective way to reduce tooth decay. The study aim was to determining the roles of correlational factors based on the Pender's health promotion model in brushing behavior of ninth grade students at urban public schools of Guilan province during the academic year 2019.MethodsThe present study was cross-sectional and had a descriptive-analytical type. We performed the multi-stage random sampling on 761 ninth-grade students (374 girls and 387 boys) at urban public schools of six counties (ten cities) of Guilan province in 2019. The primary tool was a questionnaire on oral health behaviors focusing on brushing behavior. In the present study, which was conducted only on brushing behavior, we revised and changed the initial questionnaire during the sessions of the research team, and then confirmed its validity and reliability. The questionnaire consisted of three parts, demographic characteristics, constructs of health promotion model, and brushing behavior. We analyzed data in SPSS 21 using regression models.Results20.1% of students brushed their teeth at least twice a day. Optimal behavior had a statistically significant relationship with parents' education level, and gender. Based on the regression model, the health promotion model constructs described 58% of the variance of the commitment to plan of action. Perceived self-efficacy, situational influences, and perceived barriers of action had significantly stronger relationships with commitment to plan of action respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that one-unit increase in scores of commitment to plan of action and self-efficacy increased the chance of desired behavior by 12 and 14% respectively.ConclusionDue to the low rate of brushing behavior in the students and the predictive power of the health promotion model in brushing behavior, we suggest planning and implementation of educational interventions for this group with an emphasis on influencing the commitment to plan of action, self-efficacy, and also the level of knowledge.

Project description:BackgroundContemporary mobile health (mHealth) interventions use various behavior change techniques to promote healthier lifestyles. Social comparison is one of the techniques that is consensually agreed to be effective in engaging the general population in mHealth interventions. However, it is unclear how this strategy can be best used to engage preadolescents. Nevertheless, this strategy has great potential for this target audience, as they are particularly developing their social skills.ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate how social comparison drives preadolescents' engagement with an mHealth app.MethodsWe designed a 12-week crossover experiment in which we studied 3 approaches to implementing behavior change via social comparison. This study was hosted in a school environment to leverage naturally existing social structures among preadolescents. During the experiment, students and teachers used an mHealth tool that awarded points for performing healthy activities. Participants could read their aggregated scores on a leaderboard and compare their performance with others. In particular, these leaderboards were tweaked to implement 3 approaches of the social comparison technique. The first approach focused on intragroup comparison (ie, students and teachers competing against each other to obtain the most points), whereas the other two approaches focused on intergroup comparison (ie, classes of students and their mentoring teachers collaborating to compete against other classes). Additionally, in the third approach, the performance of teachers was highlighted to further increase students' engagement through teachers' natural exemplary function. To obtain our results, we used linear modeling techniques to analyze the dropout rates and engagement levels for the different approaches. In such analyses, we also considered individual participant traits.ResultsOur sample included 313 participants-290 students (92.7%) and 23 teachers (7.3%). It was found that student engagement levels dropped over time and declined during holidays. However, students seemed to monitor the intergroup competitions more closely than the intragroup competitions, as they, on average, checked the mHealth app more often when they were engaged in team-based comparisons. Students, on average, performed the most unique activities when they were engaged in the second intergroup setting, perhaps because their teachers were most active in this setting. Moreover, teachers seemed to play an important role in engaging their students, as their relationship with their students influenced the engagement of the students.ConclusionsWhen using social comparison to engage preadolescents with an mHealth tool, an intergroup setting, rather than an intragroup competition, motivated them to engage with the app but did not necessarily motivate them to perform more activities. It seems that the number of unique activities that preadolescents perform depends on the activeness of a role model. Moreover, this effect is amplified by preadolescents' perceptions of closeness to that role model.

Dataset Information

Evaluation of tooth brushing behavior change by social marketing approach among primary students in Qom, Iran: A quasi-experimental controlled study.

Objectives

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Evaluation of tooth brushing behavior change by social marketing approach among primary students in Qom, Iran: A quasi-experimental controlled study.

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