Dataset Information

Racial and ethnic differences in trends in dementia prevalence and risk factors in the United States.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Disparities in dementia prevalence across racial/ethnic groups in the United States may not be narrowing over time.

Methods

Data from Health and Retirement Study (2000 to 2012) were analyzed. Dementia was ascertained based on cognitive, functional measures. Logistic regression was used to quantify association between dementia and risk factors, including chronic conditions, use of drug treatment for them, separately for whites, blacks, and Hispanics.

Results

Disparities in dementia prevalence declined between blacks and whites and increased between Hispanics and whites. Adjusting for risk factors reduced but did not eliminate disparities. Compared to no hypertension, untreated hypertension was associated with increased risk of dementia for all racial/ethnic groups while treated hypertension was associated with reduced risk for whites. Diabetes treated with oral drugs was not associated with increased dementia risk.

Discussion

Racial disparities in dementia may be reduced by prevention and management of disease and promoting educational attainment among blacks and Hispanics.

SUBMITTER: Chen C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6197734 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Racial and ethnic differences in trends in dementia prevalence and risk factors in the United States.

Chen Cynthia C Zissimopoulos Julie M JM

Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) 20181005

<h4>Introduction</h4>Disparities in dementia prevalence across racial/ethnic groups in the United States may not be narrowing over time.<h4>Methods</h4>Data from Health and Retirement Study (2000 to 2012) were analyzed. Dementia was ascertained based on cognitive, functional measures. Logistic regression was used to quantify association between dementia and risk factors, including chronic conditions, use of drug treatment for them, separately for whites, blacks, and Hispanics.<h4>Results</h4>Dis ...[more]

PMID: 30364652

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Project description:Importance: While the literature documenting health disparities has advanced in recent decades, less is known about the pattern of racial/ethnic disparities in emergency care in the United States. Objective: To describe the trends and differences of health outcomes and resource utilization among racial/ethnic groups in US emergency care for adult patients over a 12-year period. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study of emergency department (ED) data from the nationally representative National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Survey (NHAMCS) examined multiple dimensions of ED care and treatment from 2005 to 2016 among adults in the US. Main Outcomes and Measures: The main outcomes include ED care outcomes (hospital admission, ICU admission, and death in the ED/hospital), resource utilization outcomes (medical imaging use, blood test, and procedure use), and patients' waiting time in the ED. The main exposure variable is race/ethnicity including white patients (non-Hispanic), black patients (non-Hispanic), Hispanic patients, Asian patients, and Other. Results: During the 12-year study period, NHAMCS collected data on 247,989 adult (> 18 years old) ED encounters, providing a weighted sample of 1,065,936,835 ED visits for analysis. Asian patients were 1.21 times more likely than white patients to be admitted to the hospital following an ED visit (aOR 1.21, 95% CI 1.12-1.31). Hispanic patients presented no significant difference in hospital admission following an ED visit (aOR 1.01, 95% CI 0.97-1.06) with white patients. Black patients were 7% less likely to receive an urgent ESI score than white patients less likely to receive immediate or emergent scores, as opposed to semi- or non-urgent scores. Black patients were also 10% less likely than white patients to be admitted to the hospital and were 1.26 times more likely than white patients to die in the ED or hospital. Conclusions and Relevance: Race is associated with significant differences in ED treatment and admission rates, which may represent disparities in emergency care. Hispanic and Asian Americans were equal or more likely to be admitted to the hospital compared to white patients. Black patients received lower triage scores and higher mortality rates. Further research is needed to understand the underlying causes and long-term health consequences of these disparities.

Dataset Information

Racial and ethnic differences in trends in dementia prevalence and risk factors in the United States.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Discussion

Publications

Racial and ethnic differences in trends in dementia prevalence and risk factors in the United States.

Similar Datasets

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