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Safety of coronary CT angiography and functional testing for stable chest pain in the PROMISE trial: A randomized comparison of test complications, incidental findings, and radiation dose.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and functional testing strategies for stable chest pain yield similar outcomes; one aspect that may guide test choice is safety. METHODS:We compared test safety (test complications, incidental findings, and effective radiation dose) between CTA and functional testing as-tested in PROMISE (PROspective Multicenter Imaging Study for Evaluation of Chest Pain). In the subgroup whose physicians intended nuclear stress over other functional tests if randomized to the functional arm, we compared radiation dose of CTA versus nuclear stress and identified characteristics associated with dose. RESULTS:Of 9470 patients, none had major and <1% had minor complications (CTA: 0.8% [37/4633] vs. functional: 0.6% [27/4837]). CTA identified more incidental findings (11.6% [539/4633] vs. 0.7% [34/4837], p < 0.001), most commonly pulmonary nodules (9.4%, 437/4633). CTA had similar 90-day cumulative radiation dose to functional testing. However, in the subgroup whose physicians intended nuclear stress (CTA 3147; nuclear 3203), CTA had lower median index test (8.8 vs. 12.6 mSv, p < 0.001) and 90-day cumulative (11.6 vs. 13.1 mSv, p < 0.001) dose, independent of patient characteristics. The lowest nuclear doses employed 1-day Tc-99m protocols (12.2 mSv). The lowest CTA doses were at sites performing ?500 CTAs/year (6.9 mSv) and with advanced (latest available) CT scanners (5.5 mSv). CONCLUSION:Complications were negligibly rare for both CTA and functional testing. CTA detects more incidental findings. Compared to nuclear stress testing, CTA's lower radiation dose, independent of patient characteristics, makes it an attractive test choice. Radiation dose varies with imaging protocol, indicating opportunities to further reduce dose. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01174550).

SUBMITTER: Lu MT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6201309 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Sep - Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Safety of coronary CT angiography and functional testing for stable chest pain in the PROMISE trial: A randomized comparison of test complications, incidental findings, and radiation dose.

Lu Michael T MT Douglas Pamela S PS Udelson James E JE Adami Elizabeth E Ghoshhajra Brian B BB Picard Michael H MH Roberts Rhonda R Lee Kerry L KL Einstein Andrew J AJ Mark Daniel B DB Velazquez Eric J EJ Carter William W Ridner Michael M Al-Khalidi Hussein R HR Hoffmann Udo U

Journal of cardiovascular computed tomography 20170815 5

<h4>Background</h4>Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and functional testing strategies for stable chest pain yield similar outcomes; one aspect that may guide test choice is safety.<h4>Methods</h4>We compared test safety (test complications, incidental findings, and effective radiation dose) between CTA and functional testing as-tested in PROMISE (PROspective Multicenter Imaging Study for Evaluation of Chest Pain). In the subgroup whose physicians intended nuclear stress over other ...[more]

PMID: 28838846

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Project description:BackgroundIt is unclear whether an evaluation incorporating coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) is more effective than standard evaluation in the emergency department in patients with symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndromes.MethodsIn this multicenter trial, we randomly assigned patients 40 to 74 years of age with symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndromes but without ischemic electrocardiographic changes or an initial positive troponin test to early CCTA or to standard evaluation in the emergency department on weekdays during daylight hours between April 2010 and January 2012. The primary end point was length of stay in the hospital. Secondary end points included rates of discharge from the emergency department, major adverse cardiovascular events at 28 days, and cumulative costs. Safety end points were undetected acute coronary syndromes.ResultsThe rate of acute coronary syndromes among 1000 patients with a mean (±SD) age of 54±8 years (47% women) was 8%. After early CCTA, as compared with standard evaluation, the mean length of stay in the hospital was reduced by 7.6 hours (P<0.001) and more patients were discharged directly from the emergency department (47% vs. 12%, P<0.001). There were no undetected acute coronary syndromes and no significant differences in major adverse cardiovascular events at 28 days. After CCTA, there was more downstream testing and higher radiation exposure. The cumulative mean cost of care was similar in the CCTA group and the standard-evaluation group ($4,289 and $4,060, respectively; P=0.65).ConclusionsIn patients in the emergency department with symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndromes, incorporating CCTA into a triage strategy improved the efficiency of clinical decision making, as compared with a standard evaluation in the emergency department, but it resulted in an increase in downstream testing and radiation exposure with no decrease in the overall costs of care. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; ROMICAT-II ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01084239.).

Project description:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to determine whether noninvasive fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography (FFRCT) predicts coronary revascularization and outcomes and whether its addition improves efficiency of referral to invasive coronary angiography (ICA) after coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA). BACKGROUND:FFRCT may improve the efficiency of an anatomic CTA strategy for stable chest pain. METHODS:This observational cohort study included patients with stable chest pain in the PROMISE (PROspective Multicenter Imaging Study for Evaluation of Chest Pain) trial referred to ICA within 90 days after CTA. FFRCT was measured at a blinded core laboratory, and FFRCT results were unavailable to caregivers. We determined the agreement of FFRCT (positive if ?0.80) with stenosis on CTA and ICA (positive if ?50% left main or ?70% other coronary artery), and predictive value for a composite of coronary revascularization or major adverse cardiac events (death, myocardial infarction, or unstable angina). We retrospectively assessed whether adding FFRCT ?0.80 as a gatekeeper could improve efficiency of referral to ICA, defined as decreased rate of ICA without ?50% stenosis and increased ICA leading to revascularization. RESULTS:FFRCT was calculated in 67% (181 of 271) of eligible patients (mean age 62 years; 36% women). FFRCT was discordant with stenosis in 31% (57 of 181) for CTA and 29% (52 of 181) for ICA. Most patients undergoing coronary revascularization had an FFRCT of ?0.80 (91%; 80 of 88). An FFRCT of ?0.80 was a significantly better predictor for revascularization or major adverse cardiac events than severe CTA stenosis (HR: 4.3 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.4 to 8.9] vs. 2.9 [95% CI: 1.8 to 5.1]; p = 0.033). Reserving ICA for patients with an FFRCT of ?0.80 could decrease ICA without ?50% stenosis by 44%, and increase the proportion of ICA leading to revascularization by 24%. CONCLUSIONS:In this hypothesis-generating study of patients with stable chest pain referred to ICA from CTA, an FFRCT of ?0.80 was a better predictor of revascularization or major adverse cardiac events than severe stenosis on CTA. Adding FFRCT may improve efficiency of referral to ICA from CTA alone.

Dataset Information

Safety of coronary CT angiography and functional testing for stable chest pain in the PROMISE trial: A randomized comparison of test complications, incidental findings, and radiation dose.

Publications

Safety of coronary CT angiography and functional testing for stable chest pain in the PROMISE trial: A randomized comparison of test complications, incidental findings, and radiation dose.

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