Dataset Information

Allostatic load and disordered white matter microstructure in overweight adults.

ABSTRACT: Overweight and stress are both related to brain structural abnormalities. The allostatic load model states that frequent disruption of homeostasis is inherently linked to oxidative stress and inflammatory responses that in turn can damage the brain. However, the effects of the allostatic load on the central nervous system remain largely unknown. The current study aimed to assess the relationship between the allostatic load and the composition of whole-brain white matter tracts in overweight subjects. Additionally, we have also tested for grey matter changes regarding allostatic load increase. Thirty-one overweight-to-obese adults and 21 lean controls participated in the study. Our results showed that overweight participants presented higher allostatic load indexes. Such increases correlated with lower fractional anisotropy in the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculi and the right anterior corona radiata, as well as with grey matter reductions in the left precentral gyrus, the left lateral occipital gyrus, and the right pars opercularis. These results suggest that an otherwise healthy overweight status is linked to long-term biological changes potentially harmful to the brain.

SUBMITTER: Ottino-Gonzalez J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6203765 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Allostatic load and disordered white matter microstructure in overweight adults.

Ottino-González J J Jurado M A MA García-García I I Segura B B Marqués-Iturria I I Sender-Palacios M J MJ Tor E E Prats-Soteras X X Caldú X X Junqué C C Pasternak O O Garolera M M

Scientific reports 20181026 1

Overweight and stress are both related to brain structural abnormalities. The allostatic load model states that frequent disruption of homeostasis is inherently linked to oxidative stress and inflammatory responses that in turn can damage the brain. However, the effects of the allostatic load on the central nervous system remain largely unknown. The current study aimed to assess the relationship between the allostatic load and the composition of whole-brain white matter tracts in overweight subj ...[more]

PMID: 30367110

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Project description:In the U.S., Black adults consistently have higher allostatic load – an indicator of physiological dysregulation – than White adults. Education is considered a likely mechanism given racial differences in attainment, but evidence is mixed. This may be due, in part, to data limitations that have made it difficult for scholars to account for the structurally rooted systemic racism that shaped the U.S. education system and led to large racial inequities in school term length and school attendance among older adults who grew up in the Jim Crow South. Our study addresses this limitation by linking historical data on Black and White segregated school systems in the U.S. South from 1919 to 1954 to the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to determine if a new measure of educational attainment that accounts for structural racism that led to differences in the number of school days attended by Black and White students across years and states better explains Black-White inequities in allostatic load among older adults who attended school during Jim Crow. We restrict our sample to HRS respondents racialized as White or Black, who resided in the South when they were school-aged, completed primary/secondary school between 1919 and 1954, and provided a measure of allostatic load (n = 1932). We find that our new measure of schooling – duration in school – reduced the Black-White inequity in allostatic load more so than self-reported years of schooling whether we measured allostatic load continuously (34% vs 16%) or categorically (45% vs 20%). Our findings highlight the importance of identifying and using historically informed measures of schooling that account for structurally rooted systemic racism when trying to understand how education shapes the health of individuals racialized as Black in the United States. Highlights • U.S. Black adults show greater physiological dysregulation than White adults.• Mixed evidence as to whether education explains this inequity.• May be due to unmeasured structurally rooted systematic racism in early schooling.• Our education measure accounts for race inequity in term length and days attended.• This measure explains Black-White inequity in allostatic load.

Dataset Information

Allostatic load and disordered white matter microstructure in overweight adults.

Publications

Allostatic load and disordered white matter microstructure in overweight adults.

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