Dataset Information

Stable Liposome in Cosmetic Platforms for Transdermal Folic acid delivery for fortification and treatment of micronutrient deficiencies.

ABSTRACT: Oral folate fortification has been successful in many developed nations, however, developing countries still face low compliance and high incidence of folate deficiency associated with low birth weight infants and preterm deliveries. We report safe and efficient approach for transdermal systemic folate delivery using fluidising liposomes (120?±?4?nm) stabilised within 3D matrix of naturally occurring cosmetic bases: Fuller's earth and henna with room temperature stability. The proof of stratum corneum fluidisation was established ex-vivo by Langmuir-Blodgett film, FTIR and confocal imaging in rat skin. In-vivo topical application in rats showed 11-fold increase in plasma folate within 2?hr, confirming systemic delivery through skin. Efficacy study in folate deficient rats over 4 weeks showed significantly higher plasma levels compared to oral delivery with significant skin depot. Sub-acute toxicity studies in rats at 750-fold higher doses showed safety after 4 weeks daily application. Primary irritation patch test on 25 healthy human volunteers proved non-irritant nature of the nutricosmetics. The technology is first demonstration of transdermal folate fortification with nanosized liposome incorporated in cosmetics, without synthetic surfactants/ethanol or need of external energy. The platform technology opens the possibility of delivering multiple nutrients systemically through skin and can be scaled for affordable community fortification.

SUBMITTER: Kapoor MS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6208427 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Stable Liposome in Cosmetic Platforms for Transdermal Folic acid delivery for fortification and treatment of micronutrient deficiencies.

Kapoor Mudra Saurabh MS D'Souza Anisha A Aibani Noorjahan N Nair Swathi Sivasankaran SS Sandbhor Puja P Kumari Durga D Banerjee Rinti R

Scientific reports 20181031 1

Oral folate fortification has been successful in many developed nations, however, developing countries still face low compliance and high incidence of folate deficiency associated with low birth weight infants and preterm deliveries. We report safe and efficient approach for transdermal systemic folate delivery using fluidising liposomes (120 ± 4 nm) stabilised within 3D matrix of naturally occurring cosmetic bases: Fuller's earth and henna with room temperature stability. The proof of stratum c ...[more]

PMID: 30382116

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Project description:Adhesive transdermal delivery devices (patches) are the latest advancement in the delivery of micronutrients. A common challenge in this mode of delivery includes surpassing the physical barrier of the skin, while the use of microneedle (MN) arrays, or pretreatment of the skin with MNs can be used for a more successful outcome. Limited evidence from human non-randomized trials point to a sub-optimal delivery of iron through skin patches, although no MNs were used in those trials. Moreover, the use of patches proved inefficient in reducing the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies in post-bariatric surgery patients. The delivery of minerals was tested in animals using reservoir-type patches, gel/foam patches, MNs and iontophoresis. Results from these studies indicate a possible interplay between the dietary manipulation of mineral intake and the trandermal delivery through patches, as reduced, or regular dietary intake seems to increase absorption of the delivered mineral. Moreover, intervention duration could be an additional factor affecting absorption. Possible adverse events from animal studies include redness or decolorization of skin. In vitro and ex vivo studies revealed an increase in vitamin K, vitamin D and iron delivery, however a variety of methodological discrepancies are apparent in these studies, including the models used, the length of the MNs, the duration of application, temperature control and total micronutrient load in the patches. Data indicate that pre-treating the skin with MNs might enhance delivery; however, a source of variability in the observed effectiveness might include the different molecular weights of the nutrients used, skin factors, the ideal tip radius and MN wall thickness. Non-human studies indicate a potential benefit in combining MN with iontophoresis. Presently, the transdermal delivery seems promising with regard to nutritional supplementation, however limited evidence exists for its efficacy in humans. Future research should aim to control for both intervention duration, possible deficiency status and for the dietary intake of participants.

Project description:BackgroundAntenatal multiple micronutrient (MM) supplementation improves birth outcomes relative to iron-folic acid (IFA) in developing countries, but limited data exist on its impact on pregnancy micronutrient status.ObjectiveWe assessed the efficacy of a daily MM (15 nutrients) compared with IFA supplement, each providing approximately 1 RDA of nutrients and given beginning at pregnancy ascertainment, on late pregnancy micronutrient status of women in rural Bangladesh. Secondarily, we explored other contributors to pregnancy micronutrient status.MethodsWithin a double-masked trial (JiVitA-3) among 44,500 pregnant women, micronutrient status indicators were assessed in n = 1526 women, allocated by cluster to receive daily MM (n = 749) or IFA (n = 777), at 10 wk (baseline: before supplementation) and 32 wk (during supplementation) gestation. Efficacy of MM supplementation on micronutrient status indicators at 32 wk was assessed, controlling for baseline status and other covariates (e.g., inflammation and season), in regression models.ResultsBaseline status was comparable by intervention. Prevalence of deficiency among all participants was as follows: anemia, 20.6%; iron by ferritin, 4.0%; iron by transferrin receptor, 4.7%; folate, 2.5%; vitamin B-12, 35.4%; vitamin A, 6.7%; vitamin E, 57.7%; vitamin D, 64.0%; zinc, 13.4%; and iodine, 2.6%. At 32 wk gestation, vitamin B-12, A, and D and zinc status indicators were 3.7-13.7% higher, and ferritin, γ-tocopherol, and thyroglobulin indicators were 8.7-16.6% lower, for the MM group compared with the IFA group, with a 15-38% lower prevalence of deficiencies of vitamins B-12, A, and D and zinc (all P < 0.05). However, indicators typically suggested worsening status during pregnancy, even with supplementation, and baseline status or other covariates were more strongly associated with late pregnancy indicators than was MM supplementation.ConclusionsRural Bangladeshi women commonly entered pregnancy deficient in micronutrients other than iron and folic acid. Supplementation with MM improved micronutrient status, although deficiencies persisted. Preconception supplementation or higher nutrient doses may be warranted to support nutritional demands of pregnancy in undernourished populations. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00860470.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Formal education can be a nutrition-sensitive intervention that supports the scale-up and impact of nutrition-specific actions. Maternal education has long been linked to child survival, growth, and development while adult earnings and nutrition are tied to years in school as a child. However, less is known about the relationship between maternal education and the micronutrient status of children, women and the general population. METHODS:Using country-level data and an ecological study design, we explored the global associations between women's educational attainment and: a) anemia and vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in children aged 6-59 months; b) anemia in non-pregnant women; and c) zinc deficiency, urinary iodine excretion (UIE), and the proportion of infants protected against iodine deficiency in the general population Cross-sectional relationships (2005-2013) were assessed using linear regression models. RESULTS:Percentage of women without schooling was negatively associated with all outcomes. Number of years of schooling among women was positively associated with all outcomes except for UIE and the proportion of infants protected against iodine deficiency. Income level was a significant effect modifier of the effect of years of women's schooling on child anemia as well as of the proportion of women without formal education on zinc deficiency in the population. The relationship was strongest in low-income countries for child anemia, and was not significant in upper middle-income countries. For zinc deficiency, the relationship was not significant in low or lower middle income countries, which may suggest that a minimum threshold of resources needs to be reached before education can influence zinc status. CONCLUSIONS:While relationships between maternal schooling and micronutrient outcomes vary around the globe, more schooling is generally linked to lower rates of deficiency. These findings draw policy-relevant connections between formal education and anemia and micronutrient status globally. It is necessary to examine the mechanisms through which this relationship may be working at both household and country level.

Dataset Information

Stable Liposome in Cosmetic Platforms for Transdermal Folic acid delivery for fortification and treatment of micronutrient deficiencies.

Publications

Stable Liposome in Cosmetic Platforms for Transdermal Folic acid delivery for fortification and treatment of micronutrient deficiencies.

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