Dataset Information

Environmental Drivers of Bacillus-Positive Blood Cultures in a Cancer Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.

ABSTRACT: The Bacillus species is a well-documented causative pathogen of nosocomial bloodstream infection. The present study aimed to identify climatological variables that are associated with Bacillus-positive blood culture in Sapporo, Japan. All cases with Bacillus-positive blood cultures from January 2011 to December 2016 were retrospectively analysed. Climatological data from 2011 to 2016, including daily mean temperature and absolute humidity, were retrieved from the Japan Meteorological Agency. Employing a hazard-based statistical model to describe the non-homogeneous counting process in which temperature and absolute humidity act as explanatory variables, we computed all possible models with variable lengths of time lag. Akaike Information Criterion was computed to identify the best fitted model. High wavelet power at 12 months was identified for the period from 2013 onwards, which coincided with the time period in which sampling multiple sets of blood culture has been recommended. The temperature-only model with a lag of six days yielded a high sensitivity value (72.1%) and appeared to be the optimal model to predict Bacillus-positive blood culture with the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value. Temperature was identified as a climatological driver of Bacillus-positive blood culture. Our statistical modelling exercise offers an important message for infection control practices to improve awareness among healthcare workers of the identified association and mechanically controlled in-room temperature.

SUBMITTER: Fujita T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6210759 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Environmental Drivers of Bacillus-Positive Blood Cultures in a Cancer Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.

Fujita Takahiro T Nishiura Hiroshi H

International journal of environmental research and public health 20181009 10

The Bacillus species is a well-documented causative pathogen of nosocomial bloodstream infection. The present study aimed to identify climatological variables that are associated with Bacillus-positive blood culture in Sapporo, Japan. All cases with Bacillus-positive blood cultures from January 2011 to December 2016 were retrospectively analysed. Climatological data from 2011 to 2016, including daily mean temperature and absolute humidity, were retrieved from the Japan Meteo ...[more]

PMID: 30304832

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Project description:Rapid identification of positive blood cultures is important for initiation of optimal treatment in septic patients. Effects of automated, microarray-based rapid identification systems on antibiotic prescription against community-onset bacteremia (COB) remain unclear.We prospectively enrolled 177 patients with 185 COB episodes (occurring within 72 h of admission) over 17 months. Bacteremia episodes due to gram-positive bacteria (GP) and gram-negative bacteria (GN) in the same patient were counted separately. For GP bacteremia, patients with ≥2 sets of positive blood cultures were included. The primary study objective was evaluating the rates of antibiotic prescription changes within 2 days of rapid identification using the Verigene system.Bacteremia due to GN and GP included 144/185 (77.8%) and 41/185 (22.2%) episodes, respectively. Antibiotic prescription changes occurred in 51/185 cases (27.6% [95%CI:21.3-34.6%]) after Verigene analysis and 70/185 cases (37.8% [30.8-45.2%]) after conventional identification and susceptibility testing. Prescription changes after Verigene identification were more frequent in GP (17/41[41.5%]) than in GN (34/144[23.5%]). Among bacteremia due to single pathogen targeted by Verigene test, bacterial identification agreement between the two tests was high (GP: 38/39[97.4%], GN: 116/116[100%]). The Verigene test correctly predicted targeted antimicrobial resistance. The durations between the initiation of incubation and reporting of the results for the Verigene system and conventional test was 28.3 h (IQR: 25.8-43.4 h) and 90.6 h (68.3-118.4 h), respectively. In only four of the seven episodes of COB in which two isolates were identified by conventional tests, the Verigene test correctly identified both organisms.We observed a high rate of antibiotic prescription changes after the Verigene test in a population with COB especially in GP. The Verigene test would be a useful tool in antimicrobial stewardship programs among patients with COB.

Dataset Information

Environmental Drivers of Bacillus-Positive Blood Cultures in a Cancer Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.

Publications

Environmental Drivers of <i>Bacillus</i>-Positive Blood Cultures in a Cancer Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.

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