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The effect of sowing time on the growth of chia (Salvia hispanica L.): What do nonlinear mixed models tell us about it?

ABSTRACT: Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is an annual short-day plant whose growth has not been studied extensively in low-altitudes and at temperatures outside of its optimal range. The objective of this study was to describe the growth dynamics of a chia crop from an experimental plantation in south-east Mexico, on three different sowing dates. The chia grew at temperatures (18-37°C) and an altitude (9 m a.s.l.) outside of the recommended conditions (20-30°C, 500-1000 m a.s.l.). Three individual-plant responses were measured weekly, before seed harvest: height, number of leaves and number of inflorescences. Three theoretical nonlinear growth models were fitted to the data, a different model for each response. Mixed-effect model parameters were estimated by maximum likelihood, and the goodness of fit for each model was evaluated using two criteria: Modeling Efficiency and Root Mean Square Error. Chia seed yield was also measured in each treatment. Estimated parameters for plant height confirmed that medium sowing time (MST) and late sowing time (LST) plants had smaller heights than the early sowing time (EST) plants. Moreover, at the end of their life cycle, EST plants had a greater number of leaves and inflorescences, and higher seed yield. All of these differences were associated to the extended time of vegetative growth of EST plants favored by optimal photoperiod and temperature. Growth dynamics of chia during its ontogenic phases was explored, in more detail, with relative growth parameters derived from fitted models: a decrease in photoperiod influences the beginning of the reproductive phase, with the consequent reduction in speed of vegetative growth. In addition, nonlinear mixed-effects models can be useful in understanding the relation between growth parameters, plant maturity, and the suitable time for chia seed harvest. Our results suggest chia crops are adaptable to non-conventional environmental conditions.

SUBMITTER: Rodriguez-Abello DC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6211711 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The effect of sowing time on the growth of chia (Salvia hispanica L.): What do nonlinear mixed models tell us about it?

Rodríguez-Abello Diana Carolina DC Navarro-Alberto Jorge Augusto JA Ramírez-Avilés Luis L Zamora-Bustillos Roberto R

PloS one 20181101 11

Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is an annual short-day plant whose growth has not been studied extensively in low-altitudes and at temperatures outside of its optimal range. The objective of this study was to describe the growth dynamics of a chia crop from an experimental plantation in south-east Mexico, on three different sowing dates. The chia grew at temperatures (18-37°C) and an altitude (9 m a.s.l.) outside of the recommended conditions (20-30°C, 500-1000 m a.s.l.). Three individual-plant respo ...[more]

PMID: 30383782

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Project description:Chia (Salvia hispanica L.), a member of the mint family (Lamiaceae), is a rediscovered crop with great importance in health and nutrition and is also the highest known terrestrial plant source of heart-healthy omega-3 fatty acid, alpha linolenic acid (ALA). At present, there is no public genomic information or database available for this crop, hindering research on its genetic improvement through genomics-assisted breeding programs. The first comprehensive analysis of the global transcriptome profile of developing Salvia hispanica L. seeds, with special reference to lipid biosynthesis is presented in this study. RNA from five different stages of seed development was extracted and sequenced separately using the Illumina GAIIx platform. De novo assembly of processed reads in the pooled transcriptome using Trinity yielded 76,014 transcripts. The total transcript length was 66,944,462 bases (66.9 Mb), with an average length of approximately 880 bases. In the molecular functions category of Gene Ontology (GO) terms, ATP binding and nucleotide binding were found to be the most abundant and in the biological processes category, the metabolic process and the regulation of transcription-DNA-dependent and oxidation-reduction process were abundant. From the EuKaryotic Orthologous Groups of proteins (KOG) classification, the major category was "Metabolism" (31.97%), of which the most prominent class was 'carbohydrate metabolism and transport' (5.81% of total KOG classifications) followed by 'secondary metabolite biosynthesis transport and catabolism' (5.34%) and 'lipid metabolism' (4.57%). A majority of the candidate genes involved in lipid biosynthesis and oil accumulation were identified. Furthermore, 5596 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified. The transcriptome data was further validated through confirmative PCR and qRT-PCR for select lipid genes. Our study provides insight into the complex transcriptome and will contribute to further genome-wide research and understanding of chia. The identified novel UniGenes will facilitate gene discovery and creation of genomic resource for this crop.

Dataset Information

The effect of sowing time on the growth of chia (Salvia hispanica L.): What do nonlinear mixed models tell us about it?

Publications

The effect of sowing time on the growth of chia (Salvia hispanica L.): What do nonlinear mixed models tell us about it?

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