Dataset Information

Impact of Stokes Shift on the Performance of Near-Infrared Harvesting Transparent Luminescent Solar Concentrators.

ABSTRACT: Visibly transparent luminescent solar concentrators (TLSC) have the potential to turn existing infrastructures into net-zero-energy buildings. However, the reabsorption loss currently limits the device performance and scalability. This loss is typically defined by the Stokes shift between the absorption and emission spectra of luminophores. In this work, the Stokes shifts (SS) of near-infrared selective-harvesting cyanines are altered by substitution of the central methine carbon with dialkylamines. We demonstrate varying SS with values over 80?nm and ideal infrared-visible absorption cutoffs. The corresponding TLSC with such modification shows a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.4% for a >25?cm² device area with excellent visible transparency >80% and up to 0.6% PCE over smaller areas. However, experiments and simulations show that it is not the Stokes shift that is critical, but the total degree of overlap that depends on the shape of the absorption tails. We show with a series of SS-modulated cyanine dyes that the SS is not necessarily correlated to improvements in performance or scalability. Accordingly, we define a new parameter, the overlap integral, to sensitively correlate reabsorption losses in any LSC. In deriving this parameter, new approaches to improve the scalability and performance are discussed to fully optimize TLSC designs to enhance commercialization efforts.

SUBMITTER: Yang C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6218549 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Impact of Stokes Shift on the Performance of Near-Infrared Harvesting Transparent Luminescent Solar Concentrators.

Yang Chenchen C Zhang Jun J Peng Wei-Tao WT Sheng Wei W Liu Dianyi D Kuttipillai Padmanaban S PS Young Margaret M Donahue Matthew R MR Levine Benjamin G BG Borhan Babak B Lunt Richard R RR

Scientific reports 20181105 1

Visibly transparent luminescent solar concentrators (TLSC) have the potential to turn existing infrastructures into net-zero-energy buildings. However, the reabsorption loss currently limits the device performance and scalability. This loss is typically defined by the Stokes shift between the absorption and emission spectra of luminophores. In this work, the Stokes shifts (SS) of near-infrared selective-harvesting cyanines are altered by substitution of the central methine carbon with dialkylami ...[more]

PMID: 30397272

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Project description:PurposeIntraoperative molecular imaging (IMI) utilizes optical dyes that accumulate within tumors to assist with detection during a cancer operation. IMI can detect disease not visualized preoperatively, as well as positive margins. However, these dyes are limited by autofluorescence, signal reflection, and photon-scatter. We hypothesize that a novel dye with a wide separation between excitation and emission spectra, SS180, would help overcome these obstacles.ProceduresTwo targeted molecular contrast agents, OTL38 and SS180, were selected for this study. Both dyes had the same targeting ligand to folate receptor alpha (FRα). OTL38, a well-annotated IMI agent in human trials, has a Stokes shift of 22 nm, whereas SS180, the new dye, has a Stokes shift of 129 nm. Cell lines were tested for FRα expression and incubated with dyes to demonstrate receptor-dependent binding. Cells were incubated in various concentrations of the dyes to compare dose- and time-dependent binding. Finally, cells tagged with the dyes were injected subcutaneously in a murine model to estimate tumor burden necessary to generate fluorescent signal.ResultsCellular studies demonstrated that SS180 binds cells in a dose-, receptor-, and time-dependent manner and exhibits higher mean fluorescence intensities by flow cytometry when compared with OTL38 for each time point and concentration. In an in vivo flank tumor model, SS180 had a higher tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) than OTL38, though not statistically significant (p = 0.08). Ex vivo, OTL38 had a higher TBR than SS180 (p = 0.02). The subcutaneous model revealed that SS180 had a higher TBR at 5 × 106 cells than OTL38 (p = 0.05). No toxicity was observed in the animals.ConclusionsSS180 exhibits greater TBRs in vivo, but not ex vivo. These findings suggest that SS180 may have weaker fluorescence, but superior contrast. Studies in large animal models and clinical trials may better elucidate the clinical value of a long Stokes shift.

Dataset Information

Impact of Stokes Shift on the Performance of Near-Infrared Harvesting Transparent Luminescent Solar Concentrators.

Publications

Impact of Stokes Shift on the Performance of Near-Infrared Harvesting Transparent Luminescent Solar Concentrators.

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