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Influence of mouth breathing on outcome of scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis.

ABSTRACT: Introduction:Dryness is known to be associated with inflammatory diseases such as dry eye disease and atopic dermatitis. There is significant water loss from the oral cavity during mouth breathing. This study is conducted to estimate the influence of mouth breathing on the outcome of scaling and root planing (SRP) in chronic periodontitis (CP). Materials and methods:CP patients comprising of 33 mouth breathers (MBs) and 33 nose breathers (NBs) were recruited. Thirty patients in each group completed the study. At baseline, plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured. SRP was done in both groups. At the 4th, 8th, and 12th week, PI, GI, and BOP were recorded. PD and CAL were also assessed at the 12th week. Results:At the 12th week, there was significantly less improvement in GI at palatal sites of maxillary anterior and maxillary posterior teeth in MB group. Sixty-nine percent of BOP positive sites with PD >4?mm were converted into BOP negative sites with PD ?4?mm in maxillary posterior palatal sites in NB. This success was 38% in MB. Conclusion:Control of periodontal inflammation by SRP in CP patients is affected at palatal sites of mouth breathers.

SUBMITTER: Kaur M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6226516 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Influence of mouth breathing on outcome of scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis.

Kaur Manpreet M Sharma Rajinder Kumar RK Tewari Shikha S Narula Satish Chander SC

BDJ open 20181109

<h4>Introduction</h4>Dryness is known to be associated with inflammatory diseases such as dry eye disease and atopic dermatitis. There is significant water loss from the oral cavity during mouth breathing. This study is conducted to estimate the influence of mouth breathing on the outcome of scaling and root planing (SRP) in chronic periodontitis (CP).<h4>Materials and methods</h4>CP patients comprising of 33 mouth breathers (MBs) and 33 nose breathers (NBs) were recruited. Thirty patients in ea ...[more]

PMID: 30425839

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Project description:The aim of the studyTo evaluate the effect of curcumin gel combined with scaling and root planing (SRP) on salivary procalcitonin in periodontitis treatment.Materials and methodsseventy patients were selected from the Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, and sixteen patients were excluded. Patients in groups II and III included stage II grade A periodontitis. The participants were classified into three groups: group I as a negative control group (individuals with healthy gingiva), group II (SRP) were treated with SRP, and group III (curcumin gel) which was applied weekly for four weeks after SRP. Clinical indices (plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), clinical attachment level (CAL), and probing depth (PD)) and saliva samples for procalcitonin (PCT) assessment using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test were collected and measured at both baselines and after six weeks.ResultsThis randomized controlled clinical trial registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05667376) and first posted at 28/12/2022 included Fifty-four patients (20 male; 34 female). Regarding the age and sex distribution, there was no statistically significant difference between the three studied groups (p > 0.05). There was no significant statistical difference regarding PI, GI, PPD, and CAL between group II and group III at baseline p (> 0.05). However, there was a significant statistical difference regarding the clinical parameters at baseline of both group II and group III as compared to group I (p ≤ 0.05). At six weeks after treatment, group III showed greater improvement in the PI, PD, and CAL as opposed to group II (p ≤ 0.05). Regarding PCT values, at baseline, there wasn't a statistically significant difference between group II and group III (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant statistical difference between group II, group III, and group I (p ≤ 0.05). At six weeks after treatment, there was a statistically significant decrease in PCT levels of both group II and III (p ≤ 0.05).ConclusionThe application of curcumin gel was found to have a significant effect on all clinical indices as opposed to SRP.

Project description:BackgroundA number of studies in patients with periodontitis have compared scaling and root planning (SRP) combined with an adjunctive treatment to SRP alone. Within that literature, an array of studies with overlapping investigators has consistently yielded substantially greater effects of adjunctive treatments than had been previously noted. This report investigates discrepancies between that cluster of research and the most recent American Dental Association (ADA) systematic review.MethodsThis review was preregistered at https://osf.io/4meyd/. A search using the Scopus platform identified 32 articles published from 2010 to 2017 by investigators affiliated with the Government Dental College and Research Institute (GDCRI) in Bangalore, India. The primary outcome used in this meta-analysis was the change in clinical attachment level (CAL) after 6 mo. Effect sizes were estimated using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software after categorizing agents into groups based on pharmacologic similarity.ResultsThe search identified 32 studies encompassing 5 sets of adjunctive agents. Across the GDCRI studies, the CAL averaged 1.67 mm (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.43-1.91 mm), substantially exceeding values reported in the ADA review (mean: 0.39 mm, 95% CI: 0.27-0.51 mm). For categories of studies in which comparable subgroup estimates were available, the evaluations yielded overlapping estimates of SRP alone, but CAL estimates were discrepant for both locally delivered antimicrobials (GDCRI studies: mean: 1.45 mm, 95% CI: 0.63-2.27 mm; ADA review: mean: 0.38 mm, 95% CI: 0.16 -0.60 mm) and systemic antibiotics (GDCRI studies: mean: 1.35 mm, 95% CI: 0.97-1.73 mm; ADA review: mean: 0.39 mm, 95% CI: 0.21-0.57 mm).ConclusionIn the literature on adjunctive agents supplementing SRP, findings from investigators linked to GDCRI stand out as having significantly more favorable estimated effects. Meanwhile, some agents studied by GDCRI-linked investigators have not been investigated by other researchers. In the absence of a clear explanation for discrepant results, it is recommended that unusually favorable reported effects of adjunctive agents be viewed with caution.Knowledge transfer statementThe present meta-analysis observed an unusually large effect size of adjunctive agents to scaling and root planning in studies conducted by the same research group. These results were not consistent with trials on adjunctive agents and previous reports. As this research group has exclusively tested most of the agents, their results must be viewed with caution until other independent groups replicate the studies and reproduce the effect size.

Project description:IntroductionOn the topic of adjuncts to scaling and root planing (SRP), numerous randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were published by a single group of authors and frequently reported unusually large effect sizes. A meta-analysis in part 1 of this project failed to explain the causes for these unusual findings. We assessed the reporting quality and trial registration discrepancies to examine the possibility of replicating the work of this research group as well as the overall rigor of the research methodology.MethodsThis study was preregistered at the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/4meyd/). The Scopus platform was utilized for the RCT search on SRP adjuncts in intrabony defects in patients with periodontitis as compared with SRP alone. The search analysis was limited from 2010 to 2017, and RCTs on SRP adjuncts published by a single research group were selected for screening and inclusion. RCT registration records were assessed for consistency.ResultsOut of 92 studies that were retrieved from Scopus and PubMed, 32 were included for quality assessment per the CONSORT guidelines (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials). Results showed that all RCTs were characterized by a low reporting quality. The majority of CONSORT items scored <50%, including critical items (randomization, registration, and blinding). When registration records were compared with published RCTs, several discrepancies were found. The per-protocol follow-up duration was compared against the study's initiation and termination dates. Only 38% of the RCTs presented a follow-up period within the initiation and termination dates. The remaining RCTs showed inconsistent follow-up in comparison with the initiation and termination dates.ConclusionRCTs by this group were characterized by poor adherence to reporting quality guidelines. Crucial RCT elements, such as randomization, blinding, and primary outcomes, were not reported properly. RCT registration records revealed systematic inconsistencies when compared with RCT publication. Therefore, the unusually large effects reported by this group should be viewed with extreme caution.Knowledge transfer statementThe included randomized clinical trials were characterized by poor adherence to reporting quality guidelines, missing information about important trial items, and discrepancies between the reports and trial registrations. This quality assessment should guide clinical research and show clinicians that they should be cautious when applying evidence in their clinical practice.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Periodontal diseases are regarded as the most common diseases of mankind. The prevalence rate of periodontal disease assumes a clear growth tendency, increasing by 57.3% from 1990 to 2010. Thereby, effective periodontal therapy is still a long-term task and a difficult problem. The goals of periodontal therapy are to eliminate the infectious and inflammatory processes of periodontal diseases. Root planing, in order to eliminate the "infected cementum," has been an important step in the treatment of periodontitis since the 1970s. However, along with the understanding of the effects of endotoxin on the root surface, the necessity of manual root planing has been gradually queried. Ultrasonic instruments, which are more recent innovations, would not remove the cementum excessively, and are also more time-saving and labor-saving compared to using hand instruments. Hence, an increasing number of dentists prefer to do scaling with ultrasonic instruments only. However, the necessity of root planing remains emphasized in the international mainstream views of periodontal mechanical treatment. Therefore, this study is devoted to compare the clinical effect of ultrasonic subgingival debridement and ultrasonic subgingival scaling combined with manual root planing, which takes the implementation of root planing as the only variable and is more in line with the current clinical situation, thus hoping to provide some valuable reference to dentists. METHODS/DESIGN:Forty adult patients who fit the inclusion criteria are being recruited from the Peking University Hospital of Stomatology (Beijing, China). By means of randomization tables, one quadrant of the upper and lower teeth is the test group and the other is the control group. Test group: ultrasonic subgingival scaling combined with manual root planing. CONTROL GROUP:ultrasonic subgingival debridement. In a 24-week follow-up period, plaque index, probing depth, clinical attachment loss, bleeding index, furcation involvement, mobility, and patient-reported outcome (Visual Analog Scale for pain and sensitivity) will be observed and documented. DISCUSSION:This study evaluates the effectiveness of ultrasonic subgingival scaling combined with manual root planing and ultrasonic subgingival debridement alone in the nonsurgical treatment of periodontitis with a split-mouth design after 1, 3 and 6?months. The result of the trial should potentially contribute to an advanced treatment strategy for periodontitis with an ideal clinical outcome. TRIAL REGISTRATION:International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), ID: ChiCTR1800017122. Registered on 12 July 2018.

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Influence of mouth breathing on outcome of scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis.

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Influence of mouth breathing on outcome of scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis.

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