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Impact of Medicare's Nonpayment Program on Venous Thromboembolism Following Hip and Knee Replacements.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To determine whether Medicare's Nonpayment Program was associated with decline in venous thromboembolism (VTE) following hip and knee replacements; and whether the decline was greater among hospitals at risk of larger financial losses from the Program. DATA SOURCES:State Inpatient Database for New York (NY) from 2005 to 2013. STUDY DESIGN:The primary outcome was an occurrence of VTE. Medicare Utilization Ratio (MUR), which is the proportion of inpatient days in a hospital that is financed by Medicare, represented a hospital's financial sensitivity. We used hierarchical logistic regressions with difference-in-differences estimation to study the Program effects. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:A total of 98,729 hip replacement and 111,361 knee replacement stays were identified. For hip replacement, the Program was associated with significant reduction (Range: 44% to 53%) in VTE incidence among hospitals in MUR quartiles 2 to 4. For knee replacement, the Program was associated with significant reduction (47%) in VTE incidence only among quartile 2 hospitals. CONCLUSION:Implementation of the Program was associated with a reduction in VTE, especially for hip replacements, in higher MUR hospitals. Payment reforms such as Medicare's Nonpayment Program that withhold payments for complications are effective and should be continued.

SUBMITTER: Thirukumaran CP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6232432 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Impact of Medicare's Nonpayment Program on Venous Thromboembolism Following Hip and Knee Replacements.

Thirukumaran Caroline P CP Glance Laurent G LG Rosenthal Meredith B MB Temkin-Greener Helena H Balkissoon Rishi R Mesfin Addisu A Li Yue Y

Health services research 20180718 6

<h4>Objective</h4>To determine whether Medicare's Nonpayment Program was associated with decline in venous thromboembolism (VTE) following hip and knee replacements; and whether the decline was greater among hospitals at risk of larger financial losses from the Program.<h4>Data sources</h4>State Inpatient Database for New York (NY) from 2005 to 2013.<h4>Study design</h4>The primary outcome was an occurrence of VTE. Medicare Utilization Ratio (MUR), which is the proportion of inpatient days in a ...[more]

PMID: 30022482

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Project description:BACKGROUND:There have been many efforts to find modifiable risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the perioperative period of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), while no study has investigated the relationship between the muscle mass and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism frequency following TKA. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between muscle volume and the prevalence of symptomatic and radiologically confirmed venous thromboembolism (VTE) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS:A total of 261 consecutive patients who underwent primary TKA between 2013 and 2015 were enrolled. Computed tomographic venography with pulmonary angiography (CTVPA) was performed between the 5th and 7th postoperative days to assess the presence of VTE. Four parameters of muscle volume at three levels were evaluated on CTVPA: (i) the cross-sectional area of all skeletal muscles (skeletal muscle index) and total psoas area at the level of the third lumbar vertebrae; (ii) the vastus lateralis muscle at the thigh level; and (iii) the posterior crural muscle at the lower leg level. The relationship between the muscle volume at each level and the prevalence of VTE after TKA was evaluated with multivariate adjusted logistic regression models. RESULTS:The CTVPA scan showed no proximal DVT, and all thrombi were located in muscular, peroneal, and posterior tibial veins. In unilateral TKA, patients with lower muscle volume of the vastus lateralis at the thigh level in the nonoperated limb had significantly higher prevalence of distal DVT in the operated limb (adjusted OR: 2.97 at subclinical DVT revealed by CTVPA and adjusted OR: 2.68 at symptomatic DVT). This finding was also discovered in patients who underwent simultaneous bilateral TKA (adjusted OR: 1.73-2.97 at subclinical DVT and adjusted OR:1.76-1.86 at symptomatic DVT). CONCLUSIONS:The relative muscle volume of the vastus lateralis at the thigh level was negatively associated with the prevalence of symptomatic and radiologically confirmed DVT, suggesting that low thigh muscle mass is an independent risk factor for VTE in the postoperative period of TKA.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Although guidelines now allow the use of aspirin as an alternative to anticoagulants for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after knee or hip arthroplasty, there is limited data on contemporary use and outcomes with aspirin. OBJECTIVE:To describe the use of pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis and to assess venous thromboembolic risk with aspirin compared with anticoagulation after knee or hip arthroplasty. DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study using data from the US MedAssets database. PATIENTS:Adults with a principal discharge diagnosis of knee or hip arthroplasty between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2014. MAIN MEASURES:We identified charges for medications used for thromboprophylaxis within 7 days after the index surgery from billing records. The primary outcome was postoperative venous thromboembolism identified by International Classification of Diseases, 9th edition codes, from the index hospitalization, rehospitalization within 30 days, or during an outpatient visit within 90 days postoperatively. We compared postoperative thromboembolic risk in patients receiving aspirin-only and those receiving anticoagulants using propensity score-adjusted multivariable logistic regression models. KEY RESULTS:We identified 74,234 patients with knee arthroplasty and 36,192 with hip arthroplasty who received pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis. Aspirin-only was used in 27.9% of all patients, while 24.2% and 24.1% received warfarin or enoxaparin as prophylactic monotherapy, respectively. Postoperative venous thromboembolism occurred in 495 (0.67%) patients undergoing knee arthroplasty and 145 (0.40%) undergoing hip arthroplasty. Aspirin-only was not related to increased odds of postoperative venous thromboembolism compared with anticoagulants in multivariable adjusted analyses (odds ratio [OR] 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56-0.87, and OR 0.93; 95% CI, 0.62-1.38 for knee or hip arthroplasty, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:More than a fourth of all patients received aspirin as the sole antithrombotic agent after knee or hip arthroplasty. Postoperative thromboprophylaxis with aspirin-only was not associated with a higher risk of postoperative venous thromboembolism compared with anticoagulants after hip or knee arthroplasty.

Dataset Information

Impact of Medicare's Nonpayment Program on Venous Thromboembolism Following Hip and Knee Replacements.

Publications

Impact of Medicare's Nonpayment Program on Venous Thromboembolism Following Hip and Knee Replacements.

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