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Anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities of the sea cucumber Holothuria polii aqueous extract.


ABSTRACT: Objective:Sea cucumbers are considered among the most important functional foods. Following bioassay guided fractionation, we assessed the anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities of Holothuria polii (H. polii) extracts. Methods:Sea cucumber ethanolic extract and the partially purified aqueous fractions were assessed for their anti-proliferative activities. These latter bioactivities were evaluated in the highly invasive MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells in two-dimensional and three-dimensional cultures using trypan blue exclusion assay. The tumor-suppressive effects of sea cucumber ethanolic extract and aqueous fractions were assayed by measuring the trans-well invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells and the expression of some epithelial mesenchymal transition markers using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. The anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous fraction was tested by measuring the secreted levels of interleukin-6, nitric oxide, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 in endotoxin-induced mammary epithelial SCp2 cells and interleukin-1? in phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-activated human monocytic THP-1 cells. Results:Sea cucumber ethanolic extract and the aqueous fraction significantly decreased the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells by more than 50% at similar and noncytotoxic concentrations and caused an arrest in the S-phase of the cell cycle of treated cells. In contrast, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol organic fractions did not show any significant activity. Furthermore, sea cucumber ethanolic extract and aqueous fraction reduced the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells in three-dimensional cultures by more than 60% at noncytotoxic concentrations. In addition, treatment with these concentrations resulted in the loss of stellate outgrowths in favor of spherical aggregates and a 30% decrease in invasive properties. Both sea cucumber ethanolic extract and aqueous decreased the transcription of vimentin and the protein expression levels of vimentin and N-cadherin in three-dimensional cultures. The aqueous fraction decreased the levels of inflammatory markers interleukin-6, nitric oxide, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 in the mouse mammary SCp2 cells, and the level of interleukin-1? produced by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-activated THP-1 human monocytic cells. Conclusion:The data reveal for the first time promising anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities in H. polii water extract in two-dimensional and three-dimensional culture models.

SUBMITTER: Kareh M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6236865 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities of the sea cucumber <i>Holothuria polii</i> aqueous extract.

Kareh Mike M   El Nahas Rana R   Al-Aaraj Lamis L   Al-Ghadban Sara S   Naser Al Deen Nataly N   Saliba Najat N   El-Sabban Marwan M   Talhouk Rabih R  

SAGE open medicine 20181102


<h4>Objective</h4>Sea cucumbers are considered among the most important functional foods. Following bioassay guided fractionation, we assessed the anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities of <i>Holothuria polii</i> (<i>H. polii</i>) extracts.<h4>Methods</h4>Sea cucumber ethanolic extract and the partially purified aqueous fractions were assessed for their anti-proliferative activities. These latter bioactivities were evaluated in the highly invasive MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell  ...[more]

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