Dataset Information

Toxicity of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil to the mitochondrion and NAD+/NADH dehydrogenase in Tribolium confusum.

ABSTRACT: Background:In our previous study, Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil (EO) was considered to have an insecticidal effect by acting on the mitochondrial respiratory chain in insects. However, the mode of action is not fully understood. Methods:In this study, we investigated the insecticidal efficacy of the M. alternifolia EO against another major stored-product pest, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val. Rarefaction and vacuolization of the mitochondrial matrix were evident in oil-fumigated T. confusum adults. Results:Alterations to the mitochondria confirmed the insecticidal effect of the M. alternifolia EO. Furthermore, comparative transcriptome analysis of T. confusum using RNA-seq indicated that most of the differentially expressed genes were involved in insecticide detoxification and mitochondrial function. The biochemical analysis showed that the intracellular NAD+/NADH ratio is involved in the differential effect of the M. alternifolia EO. Discussion:These results led us to conclude that NAD+/NADH dehydrogenase may be the prime target site for the M. alternifolia EO in insects, leading to blocking of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.

SUBMITTER: Liao M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6238770 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Toxicity of <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i> essential oil to the mitochondrion and NAD<sup>+</sup>/NADH dehydrogenase in <i>Tribolium confusum</i>.

Liao Min M Yang Qian-Qian QQ Xiao Jin-Jing JJ Huang Yong Y Zhou Li-Jun LJ Hua Ri-Mao RM Cao Hai-Qun HQ

PeerJ 20181113

<h4>Background</h4>In our previous study, <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i> essential oil (EO) was considered to have an insecticidal effect by acting on the mitochondrial respiratory chain in insects. However, the mode of action is not fully understood.<h4>Methods</h4>In this study, we investigated the insecticidal efficacy of the <i>M. alternifolia</i> EO against another major stored-product pest, <i>Tribolium confusum</i> Jacquelin du Val. Rarefaction and vacuolization of the mitochondrial matrix ...[more]

PMID: 30479882

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Project description:BackgroundThe cereal weevil, Sitophilus zeamais is one of the most destructive pests of stored cereals worldwide. Frequent use of fumigants for managing stored-product insects has led to the development of resistance in insects. Essential oils from aromatic plants including the tea oil plant, Melaleuca alternifolia may provide environmentally friendly alternatives to currently used pest control agents. However, little is known about molecular events involved in stored-product insects in response to plant essential oil fumigation.ResultsM. alternifolia essential oil was shown to possess the fumigant toxicity against S. zeamais. The constituent, terpinen-4-ol was the most effective compound for fumigant toxicity. M. alternifolia essential oil significantly inhibited the activity of three enzymes in S. zeamais, including two detoxifying enzymes, glutathione S-transferase (GST), and carboxylesterase (CarE), as well as a nerve conduction enzyme, acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Comparative transcriptome analysis of S. zeamais through RNA-Seq identified a total of 3,562 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 2,836 and 726 were up-regulated and down-regulated in response to M. alternifolia essential oil fumigation, respectively. Based on gene ontology (GO) analysis, the majority of DEGs were involved in insecticide detoxification and mitochondrial function. Furthermore, an abundance of DEGs mapped into the metabolism pathway in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway database were associated with respiration and metabolism of xenobiotics, including cytochrome P450s, CarEs, GSTs, and ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters). Some DEGs mapped into the proteasome and phagosome pathway were found to be significantly enriched. These results led us to propose a model of insecticide action that M. alternifolia essential oil likely directly affects the hydrogen carrier to block the electron flow and interfere energy synthesis in mitochondrial respiratory chain.ConclusionThis is the first study to perform a comparative transcriptome analysis of S. zeamais in response to M. alternifolia essential oil fumigation. Our results provide new insights into the insecticidal mechanism of M. alternifolia essential oil fumigation against S. zeamais and eventually contribute to the management of this important agricultural pest.

Dataset Information

Toxicity of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil to the mitochondrion and NAD+/NADH dehydrogenase in Tribolium confusum.

Publications

Toxicity of <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i> essential oil to the mitochondrion and NAD<sup>+</sup>/NADH dehydrogenase in <i>Tribolium confusum</i>.

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