Dataset Information

Nanostructure-induced performance degradation of WO₃·nH₂O for energy conversion and storage devices.

ABSTRACT: Although 2D layered nanomaterials have been intensively investigated towards their application in energy conversion and storage devices, their disadvantages have rarely been explored so far especially compared to their 3D counterparts. Herein, WO₃·nH₂O (n = 0, 1, 2), as the most common and important electrochemical and electrochromic active nanomaterial, is synthesized in 3D and 2D structures through a facile hydrothermal method, and the disadvantages of the corresponding 2D structures are examined. The weakness of 2D WO₃·nH₂O originates from its layered structure. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analyses of as-grown WO₃·nH₂O samples suggest a structural transition from 2D to 3D upon temperature increase. 2D WO₃·nH₂O easily generates structural instabilities by 2D intercalation, resulting in a faster performance degradation, due to its weak interlayer van der Waals forces, even though it outranks the 3D network structure in terms of improved electronic properties. The structural transformation of 2D layered WO₃·nH₂O into 3D nanostructures is observed via ex situ Raman measurements under electrochemical cycling experiments. The proposed degradation mechanism is confirmed by the morphology changes. The work provides strong evidence for and in-depth understanding of the weakness of 2D layered nanomaterials and paves the way for further interlayer reinforcement, especially for 2D layered transition metal oxides.

SUBMITTER: Hai Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6244177 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Nanostructure-induced performance degradation of WO3·nH2O for energy conversion and storage devices.

Hai Zhenyin Z Karbalaei Akbari Mohammad M Wei Zihan Z Cui Danfeng D Xue Chenyang C Xu Hongyan H Heynderickx Philippe M PM Verpoort Francis F Zhuiykov Serge S

Beilstein journal of nanotechnology 20181112

Although 2D layered nanomaterials have been intensively investigated towards their application in energy conversion and storage devices, their disadvantages have rarely been explored so far especially compared to their 3D counterparts. Herein, WO3·nH2O (n = 0, 1, 2), as the most common and important electrochemical and electrochromic active nanomaterial, is synthesized in 3D and 2D structures through a facile hydrothermal method, and the disadvantages of the c ...[more]

PMID: 30498656

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Project description:This review critically examines the progress and challenges in the field of nanostructured tungsten oxide (WO3) gas sensors. It delves into the significant advancements achieved through nanostructuring and composite formation of WO3, which have markedly improved sensor sensitivity for gases like NO2, NH3, and VOCs, achieving detection limits in the ppb range. The review systematically explores various innovative approaches, such as doping WO3 with transition metals, creating heterojunctions with materials like CuO and graphene, and employing machine learning models to optimize sensor configurations. The challenges facing WO3 sensors are also thoroughly examined. Key issues include cross-sensitivity to different gases, particularly at higher temperatures, and long-term stability affected by factors like grain growth and volatility of dopants. The review assesses potential solutions to these challenges, including statistical analysis of sensor arrays, surface functionalization, and the use of novel nanostructures for enhanced performance and selectivity. In addition, the review discusses the impact of ambient humidity on sensor performance and the current strategies to mitigate it, such as composite materials with humidity shielding effects and surface functionalization with hydrophobic groups. The need for high operating temperatures, leading to higher power consumption, is also addressed, along with possible solutions like the use of advanced materials and new transduction principles to lower temperature requirements. The review concludes by highlighting the necessity for a multidisciplinary approach in future research. This approach should combine materials synthesis, device engineering, and data science to develop the next generation of WO3 sensors with enhanced sensitivity, ultrafast response rates, and improved portability. The integration of machine learning and IoT connectivity is posited as a key driver for new applications in areas like personal exposure monitoring, wearable diagnostics, and smart city networks, underlining WO3's potential as a robust gas sensing material in future technological advancements.

Dataset Information

Nanostructure-induced performance degradation of WO₃·nH₂O for energy conversion and storage devices.

Publications

Nanostructure-induced performance degradation of WO<sub>3</sub>·<i>n</i>H<sub>2</sub>O for energy conversion and storage devices.

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