Dataset Information

Biological and chemical compositions of atmospheric particulate matter during hazardous haze days in Beijing.

ABSTRACT: Particulate matter (PM), a major air pollutant in Beijing in recent years, poses a formidable public health threat. Even through many studies have documented the chemical and biological characteristics of PM, less is known about these characteristics on hazardous haze days (Air Quality Index, AQI 301-500) and the difference with sunny or unhealthy haze day (AQI 151-200) characteristics. Herein, studies were performed during a red alert air pollution event (continuous hazardous haze days) and the first few days following the event (sunny days first and then unhealthy haze days) in Beijing from December 19 to 25, 2016. A laser particle counter and an ANDERSEM-6 sampler were used to study the concentration and size distributions dynamics of the PM and the culturable airborne bacteria and fungi, respectively. PM2.5 was sampled by a high-volume air sampler and the chemical compositions, bacterial and fungal community structures, and endotoxin levels were analyzed. The results showed that the PM concentrations on the hazardous haze days and unhealthy haze days were 10.7 and 8.0 times higher, respectively, than those on the sunny days. The chemical composition of PM2.5 was highly correlated with the AQI. The concentration and percentage of water-soluble inorganic ions (WSII), which dominated the PM2.5 constituents, as well as the levels of endotoxin were higher on hazardous haze days than on unhealthy haze days and sunny days. Interestingly, the abundances of bacteria and fungi demonstrated the following order: unhealthy haze days> sunny days> hazardous haze days. Most culturable bacteria and fungi were distributed in particles with aerodynamic diameters of 2.1-4.7 ?m. Redundancy analysis found total organic carbon explained 30.0% and 27.1% of total variations in bacterial composition and fungal composition at the genera level, respectively. Our results facilitate a better understanding of the biological and chemical composition dynamics of PM in Beijing.

SUBMITTER: Guo Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6245000 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Biological and chemical compositions of atmospheric particulate matter during hazardous haze days in Beijing.

Guo Zhendong Z Wang Zhongyi Z Qian Lu'an L Zhao Zongzheng Z Zhang Chunmao C Fu Yingying Y Li Jiaming J Zhang Cheng C Lu Bing B Qian Jun J

Environmental science and pollution research international 20181012 34

Particulate matter (PM), a major air pollutant in Beijing in recent years, poses a formidable public health threat. Even through many studies have documented the chemical and biological characteristics of PM, less is known about these characteristics on hazardous haze days (Air Quality Index, AQI 301-500) and the difference with sunny or unhealthy haze day (AQI 151-200) characteristics. Herein, studies were performed during a red alert air pollution event (continuous hazardous haze days) and the ...[more]

PMID: 30315527

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Project description:The structural variation of the bacterial community associated with particulate matter (PM) was assessed in an urban area of Beijing during hazy and nonhazy days. Sampling for different PM fractions (PM2.5 [<2.5 ?m], PM10 [<10 ?m], and total suspended particulate) was conducted using three portable air samplers from September 2014 to February 2015. The airborne bacterial community in these samples was analyzed using the Illumina MiSeq platform with bacterium-specific primers targeting the 16S rRNA gene. A total of 1,707,072 reads belonging to 6,009 operational taxonomic units were observed. The airborne bacterial community composition was significantly affected by PM fractions (R = 0.157, P < 0.01). In addition, the relative abundances of several genera significantly differed between samples with various haze levels; for example, Methylobacillus, Tumebacillus, and Desulfurispora spp. increased in heavy-haze days. Canonical correspondence analysis and permutation tests showed that temperature, SO2 concentration, relative humidity, PM10 concentration, and CO concentration were significant factors that associated with airborne bacterial community composition. Only six genera increased across PM10 samples (Dokdonella, Caenimonas, Geminicoccus, and Sphingopyxis) and PM2.5 samples (Cellulomonas and Rhizobacter), while a large number of taxa significantly increased in total suspended particulate samples, such as Paracoccus, Kocuria, and Sphingomonas Network analysis indicated that Paracoccus, Rubellimicrobium, Kocuria, and Arthrobacter were the key genera in the airborne PM samples. Overall, the findings presented here suggest that diverse airborne bacterial communities are associated with PM and provide further understanding of bacterial community structure in the atmosphere during hazy and nonhazy days.IMPORTANCE The results presented here represent an analysis of the airborne bacterial community associated with particulate matter (PM) and advance our understanding of the structural variation of these communities. We observed a shift in bacterial community composition with PM fractions but no significant difference with haze levels. This may be because the bacterial differences are obscured by high bacterial diversity in the atmosphere. However, we also observed that a few genera (such as Methylobacillus, Tumebacillus, and Desulfurispora) increased significantly on heavy-haze days. In addition, Paracoccus, Rubellimicrobium, Kocuria, and Arthrobacter were the key genera in the airborne PM samples. Accurate and real-time techniques, such as metagenomics and metatranscriptomics, should be developed for a future survey of the relationship of airborne bacteria and haze.

Project description:BackgroundAmbient air pollution has been linked to the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, evidence of the association is very limited, and no study has estimated the effects of ozone.ObjectiveOur aim was to determine the association of prenatal exposures to particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) with GDM.MethodsWe used Florida birth vital statistics records to investigate the association between the risk of GDM and two air pollutants (PM2.5 and O3) among 410,267 women who gave birth in Florida between 2004 and 2005. Individual air pollution exposure was assessed at the woman's home address at time of delivery using the hierarchical Bayesian space-time statistical model. We further estimated associations between air pollution exposures during different trimesters and GDM.ResultsAfter controlling for nine covariates, we observed increased odds of GDM with per 5-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 (ORTrimester1 = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.21; ORTrimester2 = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.20; ORPregnancy = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.26) and per 5-ppb increase in O3 (ORTrimester1 = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.11; ORTrimester2 = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.14; ORPregnancy = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.21) during both the first trimester and second trimester as well as the full pregnancy in single-pollutant models. Compared with the single-pollutant model, the ORs for O3 were almost identical in the co-pollutant model. However, the ORs for PM2.5 during the first trimester and the full pregnancy were attenuated, and no association was observed for PM2.5 during the second trimester in the co-pollutant model (OR = 1.02; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.07).ConclusionThis population-based study suggests that exposure to air pollution during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of GDM in Florida, USA.CitationHu H, Ha S, Henderson BH, Warner TD, Roth J, Kan H, Xu X. 2015. Association of atmospheric particulate matter and ozone with gestational diabetes mellitus. Environ Health Perspect 123:853-859; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408456.

Dataset Information

Biological and chemical compositions of atmospheric particulate matter during hazardous haze days in Beijing.

Publications

Biological and chemical compositions of atmospheric particulate matter during hazardous haze days in Beijing.

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