Dataset Information

Good Samaritan Laws and Graduate Medical Education: A Tristate Survey.

ABSTRACT: Objective:To assess the awareness of Good Samaritan laws among residents and fellows and the factors affecting the likelihood of a physician-in-training performing a Good Samaritan act. Participants and Methods:A survey was distributed via official e-mail to Mayo Clinic residents and fellows at Mayo Clinic's 3 locations: Rochester, Minnesota; Scottsdale, Arizona; and Jacksonville, Florida. The survey was open from August 4 to 25, 2015, at the Arizona and Florida sites and from August 10 to 31, 2015, at the Minnesota site. Responses were collected anonymously and analyzed, using descriptive statistics and regression models. Results:The survey was sent to 1591 trainees and 19.7% (313) responded. Nearly half the respondents (49%) experienced a medical emergency that required assistance by a medically trained person and reported that increased medicolegal knowledge would increase their likelihood of helping (47%). Almost all (93.6%) felt that awareness of the Good Samaritan laws was essential for a medical professional and reported a need for further education to increase their knowledge (89.3%). Conclusion:Residents and fellows asked for education about Good Samaritan laws and suggested that such education may increase their likelihood of helping in medical emergencies.

SUBMITTER: Adusumalli J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6260500 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Good Samaritan Laws and Graduate Medical Education: A Tristate Survey.

Adusumalli Jayanth J Benkhadra Khalid K Murad Mohammad H MH

Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes 20180901 4

<h4>Objective</h4>To assess the awareness of Good Samaritan laws among residents and fellows and the factors affecting the likelihood of a physician-in-training performing a Good Samaritan act.<h4>Participants and methods</h4>A survey was distributed via official e-mail to Mayo Clinic residents and fellows at Mayo Clinic's 3 locations: Rochester, Minnesota; Scottsdale, Arizona; and Jacksonville, Florida. The survey was open from August 4 to 25, 2015, at the Arizona and Florida sites and from Aug ...[more]

PMID: 30560235

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Project description:BackgroundAs of July 2018, 45 United States (US) states and the District of Columbia have enacted an overdose Good Samaritan law (GSL). These laws, which provide limited criminal immunity to individuals who request assistance during an overdose, may be of importance in the current wave of the overdose epidemic, which is driven primarily by illicit opioids including heroin and fentanyl. There are substantial differences in the structures of states' GSL laws which may impact their effectiveness. This study compared GSLs which have legal provisions protecting from arrest and laws which have more limited protections.MethodsUsing national county-level overdose mortality data from 3109 US counties, we examined the association of enactment of GSLs with protection from arrest and GSLs with more limited protections with subsequent overdose mortality between 2013 and 2018. Since GSLs are often enacted in conjunction with Naloxone Access Laws (NAL), we examined the effect of GSLs separately and in conjunction with NAL. We conducted these analyses using hierarchical Bayesian spatiotemporal Poisson models.ResultsGSLs with protections against arrest enactment in conjunction with a NAL were associated with 7% lower rates of all overdose deaths (rate ratio (RR): 0.93% Credible Interval (CI): 0.89-0.97), 10% lower rates in opioid overdose deaths (RR: 0.90; CI: 0.85-0.95) and 11% lower rates of heroin/synthetic overdose mortality (RR: 0.89; CI: 0.82-0.96) two years after enactment, compared to rates in states without these laws. Significant reductions in overdose mortality were not seen for GSLs with protections for charge or prosecution.ConclusionGSLs with more expansive legal protections combined with a NAL, were associated with lower rates of overdose deaths, although these risk reductions take time to manifest. Policy makers should consider enacting and implementing more expansive GSLs with arrest protections to increase the likelihood people will contact emergency services in the event of an overdose.

Project description:ObjectivesTo deliver an estimate of bullying among residents and fellows in the United States graduate medical education system and to explore its prevalence within unique subgroups.Design/setting/participantsA national cross-sectional survey from a sample of residents and fellows who completed an online bullying survey conducted in June 2015. The survey was distributed using a chain sampling method that relied on electronic referrals from 4,055 training programs, with 1,791 residents and fellows completing the survey in its entirety. Survey respondents completed basic demographic and programmatic information plus four general bullying and 20 specific bullying behavior questions. Between-group differences were compared for demographic and programmatic stratifications.Main outcomes/measuresSelf-reported subjected to workplace bullying from peers, attendings, nurses, ancillary staff, or patients in the past 12 months.ResultsAlmost half of the respondents (48%) reported being subjected to bullying although both those subjected and not subjected reported experiencing ? 1 bullying behaviors (95% and 39% respectively). Attendings (29%) and nurses (27%) were the most frequently identified source of bullying, followed by patients, peers, consultants and staff. Attempts to belittle and undermine work and unjustified criticism and monitoring of work were the most frequently reported bullying behaviors (44% each), followed by destructive innuendo and sarcasm (37%) and attempts to humiliate (32%). Specific bullying behaviors were more frequently reported by female, non-white, shorter than < 5'8 and BMI ? 25 individuals.Conclusions/relevanceMany trainees report experiencing bullying in the United States graduate medical education programs. Including specific questions on bullying in the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education annual resident/fellow survey, implementation of anti-bullying policies, and a multidisciplinary approach engaging all stakeholders may be of great value to eliminate these pervasive behaviors in the field of healthcare.

Dataset Information

Good Samaritan Laws and Graduate Medical Education: A Tristate Survey.

Publications

Good Samaritan Laws and Graduate Medical Education: A Tristate Survey.

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