Dataset Information

Combustion-Related Organic Species in Temporally Resolved Urban Airborne Particulate Matter.

ABSTRACT: Accurate characterization of the chemical composition of particulate matter (PM) is essential for improved understanding of source attribution and resultant health impacts. To explore this we conducted ambient monitoring of a suite of 15 combustion-related organic species in temporally resolved PM 2.5 samples during an ongoing animal exposure study in a near source environment in Detroit, MI. All of the 15 species detected were above the method detection limit in 8 hour samples. This study focused on two molecular classes: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Hopanes measured in samples. Of the 12 PAHs studied, benzo[b]fluoranthene (169 pg m-3), benzo[g,h,i]perylene (124 pg m-3), and benzo[e]pyrene (118, pg m-3) exhibited the three highest mean concentrations while 17?(H),21?(H)-Hopane (189 pg m-3) and 17?(H),21?(H)-30-Norhopane (145 pg m-3) had the highest mean concentrations of the 3 Hopanes analyzed in samples. Ratios of individual compound concentrations to total compound concentrations (? 15 compounds) showed the greatest daily variation for 17?(H),21?(H)-Hopane (11-28%) and 17?(H),21?(H)-30-Norhopane (8-20%). Diagnostic PAH concentration ratios ([IP]/[IP + BP] (range 0.30 - 0.45), [BaP]/[BaP+BeP] (range 0.26 - 0.44), [BaP]/[BP] (range 0.41 - 0.82), [Bb]/[Bk] (range 2.07 - 2.66), in samples reflected impacts froma mixture of combustion sources consistent with greater prevalence of petroleum combustion source emissions (gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and crude oil) compared to coal or wood combustion emissions impacts at this urban site. Results from this study demonstrate that short duration sampling for organic speciation provides temporally relevant exposure information.

SUBMITTER: Lynam MM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6261300 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Combustion-Related Organic Species in Temporally Resolved Urban Airborne Particulate Matter.

Lynam Mary M MM Dvonch J Timothy JT Turlington John M JM Olson David D Landis Matthew S MS

Air quality, atmosphere, & health 20171001 8

Accurate characterization of the chemical composition of particulate matter (PM) is essential for improved understanding of source attribution and resultant health impacts. To explore this we conducted ambient monitoring of a suite of 15 combustion-related organic species in temporally resolved PM <sub>2.5</sub> samples during an ongoing animal exposure study in a near source environment in Detroit, MI. All of the 15 species detected were above the method detection limit in 8 hour samples. This ...[more]

PMID: 30505358

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Project description:Background: In classrooms high concentrations of particulate matter PM10 were measured. It is unknown whether the hazard of indoor particles is similar to that of the better studied outdoor particles. This study therefore analyzed adverse biological effects of classroom in comparison to outdoor PM10. Methods: Samples were taken from six schools during teaching hours. Genome-wide gene expression in human bronchial BEAS-2B epithelial cells was analyzed, and regulated genes were verified by quantitative PCR. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), endotoxin, and cat allergen Fel d 1 were analyzed with standard methods. Enhancement of allergic reactivity by PM10 was confirmed with CD63 upregulation in human primary basophils. Acceleration of human blood coagulation was determined with supernatants of PM10-exposed human peripheral blood monocytes. Results: Indoor PM10 induced SERPINB2 (involved in blood coagulation) and inflammatory genes (like CXCL6, CXCL1, IL6, IL8, all p<0.001). Outdoor PM10 induced xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP1B1, TIPARP, all p<0.001). The induction of inflammatory genes by indoor PM10 could be explained by endotoxin (indoor 128.5M-BM-142.2EU/mg versus outdoor 13.4M-BM-121.5EU/mg, p<0.001), the induction of CYP by outdoor PAH (indoor 8.3M-BM-14.9ng/mg versus outdoor 16.7M-BM-115.2ng/mg, p<0.01). The induction of SERPINB2 was confirmed by a more rapid human blood coagulation (p<0.05). Indoor PM10 had no effect on the allergic reactivity from human primary basophils, except in cat allergic individuals. This was explained by varying Fel d 1 concentrations in indoor PM10 (p<0.001). Conclusions: Indoor PM10, compared to outdoor PM10, was 6 times higher, had a different composition, and on an equal weight basis induced more inflammatory and allergenic reactions, and accelerated blood coagulation. Outdoor PM10 had significantly lower effects, but induced detoxifying enzymes. Therefore, preliminary interventions for the reduction of classroom PM10 seem reasonable, perhaps by intensified ventilation. For genome-wide gene expression analysis, BEAS-2B cells (passage 41) were incubated with 10M-BM-5g/ml PM10 (school 4 indoor and outdoor) for 4, 10 or 24h, all in triplicate. experiment type : time course

Project description:Background: In classrooms high concentrations of particulate matter PM10 were measured. It is unknown whether the hazard of indoor particles is similar to that of the better studied outdoor particles. This study therefore analyzed adverse biological effects of classroom in comparison to outdoor PM10. Methods: Samples were taken from six schools during teaching hours. Genome-wide gene expression in human bronchial BEAS-2B epithelial cells was analyzed, and regulated genes were verified by quantitative PCR. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), endotoxin, and cat allergen Fel d 1 were analyzed with standard methods. Enhancement of allergic reactivity by PM10 was confirmed with CD63 upregulation in human primary basophils. Acceleration of human blood coagulation was determined with supernatants of PM10-exposed human peripheral blood monocytes. Results: Indoor PM10 induced SERPINB2 (involved in blood coagulation) and inflammatory genes (like CXCL6, CXCL1, IL6, IL8, all p<0.001). Outdoor PM10 induced xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP1B1, TIPARP, all p<0.001). The induction of inflammatory genes by indoor PM10 could be explained by endotoxin (indoor 128.5±42.2EU/mg versus outdoor 13.4±21.5EU/mg, p<0.001), the induction of CYP by outdoor PAH (indoor 8.3±4.9ng/mg versus outdoor 16.7±15.2ng/mg, p<0.01). The induction of SERPINB2 was confirmed by a more rapid human blood coagulation (p<0.05). Indoor PM10 had no effect on the allergic reactivity from human primary basophils, except in cat allergic individuals. This was explained by varying Fel d 1 concentrations in indoor PM10 (p<0.001). Conclusions: Indoor PM10, compared to outdoor PM10, was 6 times higher, had a different composition, and on an equal weight basis induced more inflammatory and allergenic reactions, and accelerated blood coagulation. Outdoor PM10 had significantly lower effects, but induced detoxifying enzymes. Therefore, preliminary interventions for the reduction of classroom PM10 seem reasonable, perhaps by intensified ventilation.

Dataset Information

Combustion-Related Organic Species in Temporally Resolved Urban Airborne Particulate Matter.

Publications

Combustion-Related Organic Species in Temporally Resolved Urban Airborne Particulate Matter.

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