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Do Neighborhood Effects on Low-Income Minority Children Depend on Their Age? Evidence from a Public Housing Natural Experiment.

ABSTRACT: We analyze data from a natural experiment involving Denver public housing that quasi-randomly assigns low-income Latino and African American youth to neighborhoods. ITT and TOT models reveal substantial effects of neighborhood socioeconomic status, ethnicity and safety domains on youth and young adult educational, employment and fertility outcomes. Effects are contingent on when a youth was first assigned to public housing and the neighborhood characteristic in question. Benefits from neighbors of higher occupational prestige are stronger if a child begins experiencing them at a younger age, whereas negative consequences of neighborhood crime are only manifested for teens. Neighborhood effect sizes apparently depend on the interaction among exposure duration, disruption effects of mobility, and developmental stage-specific differences in vulnerability to the given neighborhood effect mechanism operative. Our results hold powerful and provocative implications for where assisted housing should be developed and how applicants should be assigned to neighborhoods.

SUBMITTER: Galster G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6261499 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Do Neighborhood Effects on Low-Income Minority Children Depend on Their Age? Evidence from a Public Housing Natural Experiment.

Galster George G Santiago Anna Maria AM

Housing policy debate 20170116 4

We analyze data from a natural experiment involving Denver public housing that quasi-randomly assigns low-income Latino and African American youth to neighborhoods. ITT and TOT models reveal substantial effects of neighborhood socioeconomic status, ethnicity and safety domains on youth and young adult educational, employment and fertility outcomes. Effects are contingent on when a youth was first assigned to public housing and the neighborhood characteristic in question. Benefits from neighbors ...[more]

PMID: 30505137

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Project description:BackgroundPublic housing residents, who tend to be predominantly female and racial/ethnic minorities, are at a particularly high risk for chronic health conditions. Prior studies have suggested that a lack of access to healthy and affordable food may be an important barrier in public housing communities, but evidence is mixed on the association between the neighborhood food environment and dietary quality, suggesting the need to examine food access patterns in low-income, minority communities more deeply. The purpose of this study was to examine the variability in grocery shopping patterns, and the factors that predict them, among low-income minority women in public housing.MethodsInterviewer-administered surveys and body composition measurements were collected in the Watts Neighborhood Health Study, an ongoing longitudinal cohort study of low-income urban public housing residents located in South Los Angeles. Descriptive analyses were conducted to understand the variation in grocery shopping patterns among women. Logistic and ordered logistic regression models were estimated to examine the association between resident characteristics and grocery shopping patterns.ResultsThere was considerable variability in grocery shopping patterns, including the types of grocery stores accessed, distance travelled, frequency of shopping, and reasons behind grocery store choice. Grocery shopping patterns were associated with several participant characteristics, including race/ethnicity, working status, access to a car, income, and education. Hispanic participants were less likely to shop at a supermarket, travel further distances to shop, shop more frequently, and were more likely to prioritize price in their choice of primary grocery store than non-Hispanic Black women participants.ConclusionsThere was considerable variability in grocery shopping patterns, even within this low-income, minority community despite access to the same neighborhood food environment. Convenience and quality, in addition to price, were priorities for choice of primary grocery store, and differences by race/ethnicity suggest that initiatives to improve the neighborhood food environment should consider quality of food, cultural factors, and availability of foods desired by the surrounding community, in addition to price and proximity of grocery stores.

Dataset Information

Do Neighborhood Effects on Low-Income Minority Children Depend on Their Age? Evidence from a Public Housing Natural Experiment.

Publications

Do Neighborhood Effects on Low-Income Minority Children Depend on Their Age? Evidence from a Public Housing Natural Experiment.

Similar Datasets

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