Dataset Information

Estimated Acute Effects of Ozone on Mortality in a Rural District of Beijing, China, 2005?2013: A Time-Stratified Case-Crossover Study.

ABSTRACT: Studies have shown that ozone (O?) has adverse impacts on human health. In China, O? levels have continued to increase since 2010. When compared to the large number of studies concerning the health effects of PM_2.5 in China, there have been limited explorations of the effects of O?. The Beijing region has one of the highest O? concentrations in the country, but there appear to be no published studies regarding the health effects of O? in Beijing. In this study, we applied a time-stratified case-crossover design to explore the effects of O? on cause-specific mortality for a rural location near Beijing over the period 2005?2013. For year-round effects, we found that for all-causes mortality, with a 10-unit increase in O? concentration, the odds ratios (ORs) were in the range of 1.009?1.020 for different lag days. The ORs for cardiovascular mortality with a 10-unit increase in O? concentration were in the range of 1.011?1.017 for different lag days. For warm season effects, the ORs with a 10-unit increase in O? concentration for all-cause mortality were in the range of 1.025?1.031 for different lag days. The ORs for cardiovascular mortality with a 10-unit increase of O? concentration were in the range of 1.020?1.024 for different lag days. Our findings fill a knowledge gap that has hitherto existed in studies regarding O? health impacts, and our results will strengthen the rationale for O? control in China.

SUBMITTER: Li Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6266742 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Estimated Acute Effects of Ozone on Mortality in a Rural District of Beijing, China, 2005⁻2013: A Time-Stratified Case-Crossover Study.

Li Yi Y Shang Yu Y Zheng Canjun C Ma Zhiqiang Z

International journal of environmental research and public health 20181105 11

Studies have shown that ozone (O₃) has adverse impacts on human health. In China, O₃ levels have continued to increase since 2010. When compared to the large number of studies concerning the health effects of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in China, there have been limited explorations of the effects of O₃. The Beijing region has one of the highest O₃ concentrations in the country, but there appear to be no published studies regarding the health effects of O₃ in Beijing. In this study, we applied a time-strat ...[more]

PMID: 30400565

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Project description:BackgroundStudies have explored ozone's connection to asthma and total respiratory emergency department visits (EDVs) but have neglected other specific respiratory diagnoses despite hypotheses relating ozone to respiratory infections and allergic responses.ObjectiveWe examined relationships between ozone and EDVs for respiratory visits, including specifically acute respiratory infections (ARI), asthma, pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and upper respiratory tract inflammation (URTI).MethodsWe conducted a multi-site time-stratified case-crossover study of ozone exposures for approximately 3.7 million respiratory EDVs from 2005 through 2008 among California residents living within 20 km of an ozone monitor. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate associations by climate zone. Random effects meta-analysis was then applied to estimate pooled excess risks (ER). Effect modification by season, distance from the monitor and individual demographic characteristics (i.e., age, race/ethnicity, sex, and payment method), and confounding by other gaseous air pollutants were also investigated. Meta-regression was utilized to explore how climate zone-level meteorological, demographic, and regional differences influenced estimates.ResultsWe observed ozone-associated increases in all respiratory, asthma, and ARI visits, which were slightly larger in the warm season [asthma ER per 10-ppb increase in mean of same and previous 3 days ozone exposure (lag03) = 2.7%, 95% CI: 1.5, 3.9; ARI ERlag03 = 1.4%, 95% CI: 0.8, 1.9]. EDVs for pneumonia, COPD, and URTI were also significantly associated with ozone exposure over the whole year, but typically more consistently so during the warm season.ConclusionsShort-term ozone exposures among California residents living near an ozone monitor were positively associated with EDVs for asthma, ARI, pneumonia, COPD, and URTI from 2005 through 2008. Those associations were typically larger and more consistent during the warm season. Our findings suggest that these outcomes should be considered when evaluating the potential health benefits of reducing ozone concentrations.CitationMalig BJ, Pearson DL, Chang YB, Broadwin R, Basu R, Green RS, Ostro B. 2016. A time-stratified case-crossover study of ambient ozone exposure and emergency department visits for specific respiratory diagnoses in California (2005-2008). Environ Health Perspect 124:745-753; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409495.

Project description:BackgroundStudies on the associations between ambient temperature and asthma hospitalizations are limited, and the results are controversial. We aimed to assess the short-term effects of ambient temperature on the risk of asthma hospitalizations and quantify the hospitalization burdens of asthma attributable to non-optimal temperature in adults in Beijing, China.MethodsWe collected daily asthma hospitalizations, meteorological factors and air quality data in Beijing from 2012 to 2015. We applied a time-stratified case-crossover design and fitted a distributed lag non-linear model with a conditional quasi-Poisson regression to explore the association between ambient temperature and adult asthma hospitalizations. The effect modifications of these associations by gender and age were assessed by stratified analyses. We also computed the attributable fractions and numbers with 95% empirical confidence intervals (eCI) of asthma hospitalizations due to extreme and moderate temperatures.ResultsFrom 2012 to 2015, we identified a total of 18,500 hospitalizations for asthma among adult residents in Beijing, China. Compared with the optimal temperature (22 °C), the cumulative relative risk (CRR) over lag 0-30 days was 2.32 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.57-3.42 for extreme cold corresponding to the 2.5th percentile (- 6.5 °C) of temperature distribution and 2.04 (95% CI 1.52-2.74) for extreme heat corresponding to the 97.5th percentile (29 °C) of temperature distribution. 29.1% (95% eCI 17.5-38.0%) of adult asthma hospitalizations was attributable to non-optimum temperatures. Moderate cold temperatures yielded most of the burdens, with an attributable fraction of 20.3% (95% eCI 9.1-28.7%). The temperature-related risks of asthma hospitalizations were more prominent in females and younger people (19-64 years old).ConclusionsThere was a U-shaped association between ambient temperature and the risk of adult asthma hospitalizations in Beijing, China. Females and younger patients were more vulnerable to the effects of non-optimum temperatures. Most of the burden was attributable to moderate cold. Our findings may uncover the potential impact of climate changes on asthma exacerbations.

Project description:Recent studies suggest that air pollutant exposure may increase the incidence of mental health conditions, however research is limited. We examined the association between ozone (O3) and fine particles (PM2.5) and emergency department (ED) visits related to mental health outcomes, including psychosis, neurosis, neurotic/stress, substance use, mood/affective, depression, bipolar, schizotypal/delusional, schizophrenia, self-harm/suicide, and homicide/inflicted injury, from 2005 through 2013 in California. Air monitoring data were provided by the U.S. EPA's Air Quality System Data Mart and ED data were provided by the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development. We used the time-series method with a quasi-Poisson regression, controlling for apparent temperature, day of the week, holidays, and seasonal/long-term trends. Per 10 parts per billion increase, we observed significant cumulative 7-day associations between O3 and all mental health [0.64%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.21, 1.07], depression [1.87%, 95% CI: 0.62, 3.15], self-harm/suicide [1.43%, 95% CI: 0.35, 2.51], and bipolar [2.83%, 95% CI: 1.53, 4.15]. We observed 30-day lag associations between O3 and neurotic disorder [1.22%, 95% CI: 0.48, 1.97] and homicide/inflicted injury [2.01%, 95% CI: 1.00, 3.02]. Same-day mean PM2.5 was associated with a 0.42% [95% CI: 0.14, 0.70] increase in all mental health, 1.15% [95% CI: 0.62, 1.69] increase in homicide/inflicted injury, and a 0.57% [95% CI: 0.22, 0.92] increase in neurotic disorders per 10 μg/m3 increase. Other outcomes not listed here were not statistically significant for O3 or PM2.5. Risk varied by age group and was generally greater for females, Asians, and Hispanics. We also observed seasonal variation for outcomes including but not limited to depression, bipolar, schizophrenia, self-harm/suicide, and homicide/inflicted injury. Ambient O3 or PM2.5 may increase the risk of mental health illness, though underlying biological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Findings warrant further investigation to better understand the impacts of air pollutant exposure among vulnerable groups.

Dataset Information

Estimated Acute Effects of Ozone on Mortality in a Rural District of Beijing, China, 2005?2013: A Time-Stratified Case-Crossover Study.

Publications

Estimated Acute Effects of Ozone on Mortality in a Rural District of Beijing, China, 2005⁻2013: A Time-Stratified Case-Crossover Study.

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