Dataset Information

Molecular Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci Clinical Isolates from a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Thailand.

ABSTRACT: Methicillin-resistant staphylococci are now recognized as a major cause of infectious diseases, particularly in hospitals. Molecular epidemiology is important for prevention and control of infection, but little information is available regarding staphylococcal infections in Northern Thailand. In the present study, we examined antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, detection of antimicrobial resistance genes, and SCCmec types of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MR-CoNS) isolated from patients in a hospital in Northern Thailand. The species of MRSA and MR-CoNS were identified using combination methods, including PCR, MALDI-TOF-MS, and tuf gene sequencing. The susceptibility pattern of all isolates was determined by the disk diffusion method. Antimicrobial resistance genes, SCCmec types, and ST239 were characterized using single and multiplex PCR. ST239 was predominant in MRSA isolates (10/23). All MR-CoNS (N=31) were identified as S. haemolyticus (N=18), S. epidermidis (N=3), S. cohnii (N=3), S. capitis (N=6), and S. hominis (N=1). More than 70% of MRSA and MR-CoNS were resistant to cefoxitin, penicillin, oxacillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin. In MRSA isolates, the prevalence of ermA (78.3%) and ermB (73.9%) genes was high compared to that of the ermC gene (4.3%). In contrast, ermC (87.1%) and qacA/B genes (70.9%) were predominant in MR-CoNS isolates. SCCmec type III was the dominant type of MRSA (13/23), whereas SCCmec type II was more present in S. haemolyticus (10/18). Ten MRSA isolates with SCCmec type III were ST239, which is the common type of MRSA in Asia. This finding provides useful information for a preventive health strategy directed against methicillin-resistant staphylococcal infections.

SUBMITTER: Kitti T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6276523 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Molecular Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci Clinical Isolates from a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Thailand.

Kitti Thawatchai T Seng Rathanin R Saiprom Natnaree N Thummeepak Rapee R Chantratita Narisara N Boonlao Chalermchai C Sitthisak Sutthirat S

The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale 20181119

Methicillin-resistant staphylococci are now recognized as a major cause of infectious diseases, particularly in hospitals. Molecular epidemiology is important for prevention and control of infection, but little information is available regarding staphylococcal infections in Northern Thailand. In the present study, we examined antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, detection of antimicrobial resistance genes, and SCC<i>mec</i> types of methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA) and methicillin ...[more]

PMID: 30581514

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Project description:ObjectiveVancomycin-resistant enterococci are nosocomial pathogens that are responsible for commonly causing healthcare-associated infections, and they exhibit increased resistance to many antimicrobials, particularly to vancomycin. The epidemiological data available on vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in Thailand are inadequate.MethodsUsing enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR), this study investigated genes that encode antimicrobial resistance and genetic relatedness to further understand VRE prevalence. Ninety VRE isolates were collected between 2011 and 2019 from a tertiary care hospital in southern Thailand. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using the disk diffusion method and E-test methods. Multiplex PCR was performed to detect the van gene and virulence genes.ResultsThe study showed a high prevalence of diverse multidrug-resistant VRE strains. The prevalence of VRE infection was the highest in 2014 (28 isolates, 39.4%). VRE were mostly found in the urogenital tract (26 isolates, 28.9%), followed by the digestive tract (20%), body fluid, i.e., pancreatic cyst fluid, peritoneal dialysis fluid, Jackson-Pratt (JP) drain (20%), and blood specimens (10%). Patients in medical and surgical wards had 71.1% multi-drug-resistant and 28.9% extensively drug-resistant (XDR) VRE strains, respectively. The most prevalent antibiotic resistance was to ampicillin (74.4%). Susceptibility to gentamicin and meropenem were similar (7% and 10%, respectively). Four isolates (4.4%) were resistant to colistin. Only vanA was detected among the strains. The virulence gene test showed that the detection rates of enterococcal surface protein (esp) and hyaluronidase (hyl) genes were 91.1% and 5.6%, respectively. According to ERIC-PCR analysis, 51 of 90 strains had clonality, with a similarity rate of 95%.ConclusionsWe conclude that there is a need to implement infection control practices and active surveillance. Molecular techniques can effectively detect antibiotic-resistant genes, which would allow monitoring to control VRE infection in hospitals.

Project description:Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) is a major bacterial pathogen responsible for hospital outbreaks worldwide, mainly via the spread of high-risk clones and epidemic resistance plasmids. In this study, we evaluated the molecular epidemiology and β-lactam resistance mechanisms of MDR-Kp strains isolated in a Brazilian academic care hospital. We used whole-genome sequencing to study drug resistance mechanisms and their relationships with a K. pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing (KPC) Kp outbreak. Forty-three Kp strains were collected between 2003 and 2012. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed for 15 antimicrobial agents, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect 32 resistance genes. Mutations in ompk35, ompk36, and ompk37 were evaluated by PCR and DNA sequencing. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) were carried out to differentiate the strains. Based on distinct epidemiological periods, six Kp strains were subjected to whole-genome sequencing. β-lactamase coding genes were widely distributed among isolates. Almost all isolates had mutations in porin genes, particularly ompk35. The presence of bla KPC promoted a very high increase in carbapenem minimum inhibitory concentration only when ompk35 and ompk36 were interrupted by insertion sequences. A major cluster was identified by PFGE analysis and all isolates from this cluster belonged to clonal group (CG) 258. We have also identified a large repertoire of resistance genes in the sequenced isolates. A bla KPC-2-bearing plasmid (pUFPRA2) was also identified, which was very similar to a plasmid previously described in the first Brazilian KPC-Kp (2005). We found high-risk clones (CG258) and an epidemic resistance plasmid throughout the duration of the study (2003 to 2012), emphasizing a persistent presence of MDR-Kp strains in the hospital setting. Finally, we found that horizontal transfer of resistance genes between clones may have played a key role in the evolution of the outbreak.

Dataset Information

Molecular Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci Clinical Isolates from a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Thailand.

Publications

Molecular Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci Clinical Isolates from a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Thailand.

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