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Employment predictors of exit from work among workers with disabilities: A survival analysis from the household income labour dynamics in Australia survey.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:Across high-income countries, unemployment rates among workers with disabilities are disproportionately high. The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of employment associated with dropping out of work and assess whether these were different for workers with versus without disabilities. METHODS:Using a longitudinal panel study of working Australians (2001 to 2015), the current study estimated Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard regression models to identify predictors of leaving employment, including psychosocial job quality, employment arrangement, and occupational skill level. Effect modification by disability status of the relationship between employment-related factors and exit from the labour market were assessed by including interaction terms and assessing model fit with a likelihood ratio test. Models were adjusted for a range of socio-demographic and health related factors. RESULTS:Compared to those without disability, those with disability had a greater risk of leaving employment (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.35, p<0.001). Other predictors of exit from work included low-skilled occupation (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.29, p = 0.001), being in a job with low psychosocial job quality (HR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.19, p = 0.007), and casual, labour hire or fixed-term contract employment (HR 1.58, 95% CI 1.48 to 1.69, p<0.001). There was no effect modification by disability status. CONCLUSIONS:More research is needed to understand the experiences of workers with disabilities who stay in and leave employment.

SUBMITTER: Milner A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6285973 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Employment predictors of exit from work among workers with disabilities: A survival analysis from the household income labour dynamics in Australia survey.

Milner Allison A Taouk Yamna Y Disney George G Aitken Zoe Z Rachele Jerome J Kavanagh Anne A

PloS one 20181207 12

<h4>Objectives</h4>Across high-income countries, unemployment rates among workers with disabilities are disproportionately high. The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of employment associated with dropping out of work and assess whether these were different for workers with versus without disabilities.<h4>Methods</h4>Using a longitudinal panel study of working Australians (2001 to 2015), the current study estimated Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard regression models ...[more]

PMID: 30532254

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Project description:BackgroundIndividuals with lower socioeconomic status are at increased risk of involuntary exit from paid employment. To give sound advice for primary prevention in the workforce, insight is needed into the role of mediating factors between socioeconomic status and labour force participation. Therefore, it is aimed to investigate the influence of health status, lifestyle-related factors and work characteristics on educational differences in exit from paid employment.Methods14,708 Dutch employees participated in a ten-year follow-up study during 1999-2008. At baseline, education, self-perceived health, lifestyle (smoking, alcohol, sports, BMI) and psychosocial (demands, control, rewards) and physical work characteristics were measured by questionnaire. Employment status was ascertained monthly based on tax records. The relation between education, health, lifestyle, work-characteristics and exit from paid employment through disability benefits, unemployment, early retirement and economic inactivity was investigated by competing risks regression analyses. The mediating effects of these factors on educational differences in exit from paid employment were tested using a stepwise approach.ResultsLower educated workers were more likely to exit paid employment through disability benefits (SHR:1.84), unemployment (SHR:1.74), and economic inactivity (SHR:1.53) but not due to early retirement (SHR:0.92). Poor or moderate health, an unhealthy lifestyle, and unfavourable work characteristics were associated with disability benefits and unemployment, and an unhealthy lifestyle with economic inactivity. Educational differences in disability benefits were explained for 40% by health, 31% by lifestyle, and 12% by work characteristics. For economic inactivity and unemployment, up to 14% and 21% of the educational differences could be explained, particularly by lifestyle-related factors.ConclusionsThere are educational differences in exit from paid employment, which are partly mediated by health, lifestyle and work characteristics, particularly for disability benefits. Health promotion and improving working conditions seem important measures to maintain a productive workforce, particularly among workers with a low education.

Dataset Information

Employment predictors of exit from work among workers with disabilities: A survival analysis from the household income labour dynamics in Australia survey.

Publications

Employment predictors of exit from work among workers with disabilities: A survival analysis from the household income labour dynamics in Australia survey.

Similar Datasets

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