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Depth-dependent intracortical myelin organization in the living human brain determined by in vivo ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging.


ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Intracortical myelin is a key determinant of neuronal synchrony and plasticity that underpin optimal brain function. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) facilitates the examination of intracortical myelin but presents with methodological challenges. Here we describe a whole-brain approach for the in vivo investigation of intracortical myelin in the human brain using ultra-high field MRI. METHODS:Twenty-five healthy adults were imaged in a 7 Tesla MRI scanner using diffusion-weighted imaging and a T1-weighted sequence optimized for intracortical myelin contrast. Using an automated pipeline, T1 values were extracted at 20 depth-levels from each of 148 cortical regions. In each cortical region, T1 values were used to infer myelin concentration and to construct a non-linearity index as a measure the spatial distribution of myelin across the cortical ribbon. The relationship of myelin concentration and the non-linearity index with other neuroanatomical properties were investigated. Five patients with multiple sclerosis were also assessed using the same protocol as positive controls. RESULTS:Intracortical T1 values decreased between the outer brain surface and the gray-white matter boundary following a slope that showed a slight leveling between 50% and 75% of cortical depth. Higher-order regions in the prefrontal, cingulate and insular cortices, displayed higher non-linearity indices than sensorimotor regions. Across all regions, there was a positive association between T1 values and non-linearity indices (P?

SUBMITTER: Sprooten E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6289812 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Depth-dependent intracortical myelin organization in the living human brain determined by in vivo ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging.

Sprooten Emma E   O'Halloran Rafael R   Dinse Juliane J   Lee Won Hee WH   Moser Dominik Andreas DA   Doucet Gaelle Eve GE   Goodman Morgan M   Krinsky Hannah H   Paulino Alejandro A   Rasgon Alexander A   Leibu Evan E   Balchandani Priti P   Inglese Matilde M   Frangou Sophia S  

NeuroImage 20181009


<h4>Background</h4>Intracortical myelin is a key determinant of neuronal synchrony and plasticity that underpin optimal brain function. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) facilitates the examination of intracortical myelin but presents with methodological challenges. Here we describe a whole-brain approach for the in vivo investigation of intracortical myelin in the human brain using ultra-high field MRI.<h4>Methods</h4>Twenty-five healthy adults were imaged in a 7 Tesla MRI scanner using diffusio  ...[more]

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