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TGF?, smooth muscle cells and coronary artery disease: a review.

ABSTRACT: Excessive vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, migration and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis are key events in the development of intimal hyperplasia, a pathophysiological response to acute or chronic sources of vascular damage that can lead to occlusive narrowing of the vessel lumen. Atherosclerosis, the primary cause of coronary artery disease, is characterised by chronic vascular inflammation and dyslipidemia, while revascularisation surgeries such as coronary stenting and bypass grafting represent acute forms of vascular injury. Gene knockouts of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF?), its receptors and downstream signalling proteins have demonstrated the importance of this pleiotropic cytokine during vasculogenesis and in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Dysregulated TGF? signalling is a hallmark of many vascular diseases, and has been associated with the induction of pathological vascular cell phenotypes, fibrosis and ECM remodelling. Here we present an overview of TGF? signalling in SMCs, highlighting the ways in which this multifaceted cytokine regulates SMC behaviour and phenotype in cardiovascular diseases driven by intimal hyperplasia.

SUBMITTER: Low EL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6293316 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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TGFβ, smooth muscle cells and coronary artery disease: a review.

Low Emma L EL Baker Andrew H AH Bradshaw Angela C AC

Cellular signalling 20180915

Excessive vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, migration and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis are key events in the development of intimal hyperplasia, a pathophysiological response to acute or chronic sources of vascular damage that can lead to occlusive narrowing of the vessel lumen. Atherosclerosis, the primary cause of coronary artery disease, is characterised by chronic vascular inflammation and dyslipidemia, while revascularisation surgeries such as coronary stenting and by ...[more]

PMID: 30227237

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Dataset Information

TGF?, smooth muscle cells and coronary artery disease: a review.

Publications

TGFβ, smooth muscle cells and coronary artery disease: a review.

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