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Magnitude of fetal macrosomia and its associated factors at public health institutions of Hawassa city, southern Ethiopia.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to determine the magnitude of fetal macrosomia and associated factors at public health institutions of Hawassa city, southern Ethiopia. RESULTS:In this study, the magnitude of fetal macrosomia found to be 11.86%. Being a male (AOR?=?2.2, 95% CI 1.1-4.2), ??37 weeks gestational age (AOR?=?6.0, 95% CI 3.1-11.1) and having previous history of fetal macrosomia (AOR?=?14.5, 95% CI 7.2-29.2) had a higher odds of fetal macrosomia. Moreover, the magnitude of fetal macrosomia is found be in the global range. Sex of the child, previous history of fetal macrosomia and gestational age were significantly associated with fetal macrosomia. The obstetric care providers should assess all pregnant women for history of fetal macrosomia which would help them to be prepared for the managements of maternal and perinatal complications.

SUBMITTER: Biratu AK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6293502 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Magnitude of fetal macrosomia and its associated factors at public health institutions of Hawassa city, southern Ethiopia.

Biratu Andargachew Kassa AK Wakgari Negash N Jikamo Birhanu B

BMC research notes 20181213 1

<h4>Objectives</h4>This study aimed to determine the magnitude of fetal macrosomia and associated factors at public health institutions of Hawassa city, southern Ethiopia.<h4>Results</h4>In this study, the magnitude of fetal macrosomia found to be 11.86%. Being a male (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.1-4.2), ≥ 37 weeks gestational age (AOR = 6.0, 95% CI 3.1-11.1) and having previous history of fetal macrosomia (AOR = 14.5, 95% CI 7.2-29.2) had a higher odds of fetal macrosomia. Moreover, the magnitude of fe ...[more]

PMID: 30545390

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Project description:BackgroundDespite it is easily preventable; malaria is still remains to be a major public health problem in globally as well as in Ethiopia. The disease can be easily prevented through individual and societal combined efforts by keeping the environment safe, effective utilization of long lasting Insecticide Nets and early treatment. However, the factors for poor knowledge and practices of malaria prevention is not well studied in Ethiopia; particularly, in the study area. Hence, this study aimed to provide concrete evidence towards malaria prevention practices and associated factors among Households of Hawassa City Administration, Southern Ethiopia, 2020.MethodA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among a randomly selected 598 households at Hawassa City Administration from April 1-15, 2020. Multistage sampling technique was employed to recruit the study households. Data were collected by trained data collectors through a face-to-face interview with pretested structured questionnaire, which was adapted from previous peer reviewed articles. Then the data were checked for the completeness and consistencies, then, coded and entered into Epi data 3.1 and it was exported to SPSS IBM version 23 for analysis. Descriptive mean with standard deviation was used to summarize the continuous variables. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess factors affecting prevention and control of Malaria. Finally, adjusted odds ratio together with 95% CI and p-value <0.05 was used to declare the statistical significances.ResultsThe overall 317 (54.3%) of households practiced good measure of malaria prevention and control measures. Urban residence [AOR = 1.95 (95%CI: 1.17-3.24)], Secondary school completed [AOR = 5.02(95%CI 2.24-12.03)], Tertiary school completed [AOR = 7.27(95%CI: 2.84-18.55)], Positive Attitude [AOR = 8.20(95%CI: 5.31-12.68)] and Good knowledge about malaria [AOR = 2.81(95%CI: 1.78-4.44)] were significantly associated with malaria prevention practices.ConclusionsNearly half of the households were still practiced poor measure of malaria prevention and control measures. Hence, health officials and stake holders need attention by providing continuous health education and follow up to control malaria.

Project description:Background Anemia is a widespread public health problem associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Infants, under-5-year-old children, and pregnant women have greater susceptibility to anemia. The magnitude and associated risk factors for anemia vary in different settings. The study aimed to assess the magnitude, severity, and associated factors of anemia at Hawassa University Teaching and Referral hospital, Hawassa, southern Ethiopia. Methods In a hospital-based cross-sectional study, a total of 422 under-five children were included. Sociodemographic data and other predisposing factors were collected by structured questionnaire. Venous blood samples were collected and analyzed for hemoglobin determination using a Cell-Dyn 1800 automated analyzer. Stool samples were collected and processed using direct wet mount and formol-ether concentration method to detect intestinal parasites. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical packages. Binary and multiple logistic regressions were computed to assess factors associated with anemia. p value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Result The overall prevalence of anemia was found to be 41.7%. The mean hemoglobin level was 10.59?g/dl. Anemia was of mild, moderate, and severe type in 6.6%, 19%, and 16.1% of the children, respectively. Children in the age group 6–23 months (AOR?=?2.04 (95% CI: 1.13, 3.69)), and mothers having no formal education (AOR?=?1.73 (95% CI: 0.99, 3.02)) were identified as associated factors for anemia. Conclusion The prevalence of anemia among the study subjects was 41.7% indicative of the fact that anemia is an important public health problem. It was associated with the child's age, residence, mother's education level, and intestinal parasite (Ascaris lumbricoides). It clearly indicates that there should be well integrated public health interventions to improve the health status that needs to be prioritized to prevent anemia among children under five years of age.

Project description:Background: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are common problems during pregnancy, with adverse outcomes including low birth weight and prenatal mortality. The burden of parasitic infections and its impacts are high among pregnant women in developing countries like Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the burden and associated factors of parasitic infections. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 365 randomly selected women attending antenatal clinic at five selected health facilities. Data was collected by a pre-tested questionnaire and stool specimens were collected in clean plastic containers. A combination of direct microscopy and the formol-ether concentration technique was used as soon as the specimen collected. Data entry and analysed for descriptive and logistic regression models by SPSS v.23. The result declared as statistically significant at p < 0.05. Results: The overall prevalence of IPI was 161 (45.9%). The most frequently identified parasites were Ascaris lumbricoides (27.9%), Schistosoma species (13.7%), Trichuris trichiura (5.1%), Hookworm (4.8%), and Taenia species. (1.4%). The IPIs were associated with women having no formal education [AOR=2.19, 95% CI: 1.05-4.57] or elementary school education [AOR=1.90, 95% CI: 1.11-3.27], as compared with high school educated and above. Monthly income of less than 1920 Ethiopian birr [AOR=2.06, 95% CI: 1.28-3.31], sharing a latrine with neighbours [AOR=1.83, 95% CI: 1.14-2.93], using lake water for washing clothes [AOR=2.24, 95% CI: 1.34-3.74], habit of eating raw vegetables [AOR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.30-3.92] were associated with IPI as compared to their counterparts. Conclusions: Nearly half of the pregnant women were infected with IPs. The health facilities and clinicians need to focus on prevention of IPIs by early diagnosis, treating lake water before use, promote proper latrine utilization and provision of pertinent health education as part of ante-natal care service. It is important to minimize the impact of IPIs on pregnant women and their child.

Project description:BackgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the major public health problems worldwide. Limited information exists about the epidemiology of HBV infection in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess sero-prevalence of HBV markers and associated factors in children living in Hawassa City, southern Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 471 children in Hawassa City, southern Ethiopia from May to September, 2018. A total of 471 children were included in the study using a multistage sampling technique. Data on demographic and risk factors were gathered using structured questionnaires. Blood samples were collected and sera were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to core antigen (anti-HBc), and antibody against surface antigen (anti-HBs) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsThe sero-prevalence of HBsAg, anti-HBc, and anti-HBs markers among children were 4.4, 19.5 and 20.0%, respectively. Children at higher risk of having HBsAg marker were those who had a history of injectable medications (AOR 5.02, 95% CI: 1.14, 22.07), a family history of liver disease (AOR 6.37, 95% CI: 1.32, 30.74), a HBsAg seropositive mothers, (AOR 11.19, (95% CI: 3.15, 39.67), and had no vaccination history for HBV (AOR, 6.37, 95% CI: 1.32, 30.74). Children from families with low monthly income, who were home delivered, unvaccinated for HBV or with HBsAg seropositive mother had increased risk of having anti-HBc.ConclusionsThe study findings showed an intermediate endemicity of HBV infection in the study setting. The observed rate of residual HBV infection with low rate of immunized children after HBV vaccination was high. Hence, introducing birth dose vaccine, safe injection practice and improving immunization coverage during pregnancy as part of the antenatal care package should be considered. Furthermore, governmental and non-governmental organizations should give attention on timely measures for the prevention of ongoing vertical transmission from mother to child as well as early horizontal transmission of HBV in Hawassa City, Ethiopia.

Project description:BackgroundAdherence to antiretroviral therapy is very essential to achieve a great outcome of drugs via suppressing viral load, preventing multidrug resistance, and reducing mother to a child transmission rate of the Human Immune Virus.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the level of adherence to option B plus PMTCT and associated factors among HIV Positive pregnant and lactating women in public health facilities of Hawassa city, Southern Ethiopia, 2020 G.C.MethodsInstitution-based cross-sectional study was done on 254 HIV-positive pregnant and lactating women attending the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) follow-up. Participants were selected by simple random sampling. Data collected through a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire were cleaned and entered into Epi-data 3.1 and exported to SPSS 20 for statistical analysis. Descriptive analysis was done. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were done to measure the strength of association between independent and dependent variables using the odds ratio and 95% of confidence interval. A p-value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.ResultThe overall adherence level to option B+ was 224 (88.2%). Respondents in age group of ≤ 25 [AOR = 0.12, 95% CI (0.03, 0.42)], with no formal education [AOR = 0.12, 95% CI (0.03, 0.51)], experienced drug side effects [AOR = 0.11, 95% CI (0.04, 0.32)], have good knowledge of PMTCT [AOR = 3.6, 95% CI (1.16, 11.3)], and get support from partner/family [AOR = 4.5, 95% CI (1.62, 12.4)] were identified associated factors with adherence level.ConclusionThe level of adherence to option B plus PMTCT was 88.2% which is suboptimal. Ages, educational level, knowledge on PMTCT, getting support from partner/family, and drug side effect were significantly associated with adherence. Therefore, educating and counseling on the service of PMTCT to improve their knowledge and encouraging partner/family involvement in care are mandatory to achieve the standard adherence level.

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Magnitude of fetal macrosomia and its associated factors at public health institutions of Hawassa city, southern Ethiopia.

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Magnitude of fetal macrosomia and its associated factors at public health institutions of Hawassa city, southern Ethiopia.

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